Bioscience Methods 2026, Vol.17, No.1, 57-66 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 57 Review and Progress Open Access Recent Advances in Cucumber Cultivation for Maximizing Yield Wenzhong Huang1, Kaiwen Liang2 1 Biomass Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resouces, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China 2 Agri-Products Application Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resouces, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding author: kaiwen.liang@cuixi.org Bioscience Methods, 2026, Vol.17, No.1 doi: 10.5376/bm.2026.17.0006 Received: 12 Jan., 2026 Accepted: 16 Feb., 2026 Published: 27 Feb., 2026 Copyright © 2026 Huang and Liang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Huang W.Z., and Liang K.W., 2026, Recent advances in cucumber cultivation for maximizing yield, Bioscience Methods, 17(1): 57-66 (doi: 10.5376/bm.2026.17.0006) Abstract As a widely consumed vegetable, whether cucumbers can achieve stable and high yields has always been a key concern in production. To address this issue, this paper reviews the recent research progress on cucumber high-yield cultivation from multiple perspectives, covering both basic understandings of growth, development, and yield formation, as well as practical measures such as environmental conditions, variety selection, seed treatment, water and fertilizer management, and facility and cover cultivation. Additionally, it combines the application of green pest and disease control and intelligent technologies, and illustrates through typical production models in specific regions. Based on comprehensive analysis, the current technical effects are evaluated, shortcomings are pointed out, and future development trends are predicted. Overall, the coordinated application of various technologies helps to simultaneously enhance cucumber yields and quality. Keywords High-yield cucumber; Cultivation technology; Green control; Smart agriculture; Facility cultivation 1 Introduction In daily vegetable production, cucumbers are often regarded as "common crops", but their significance is hard to be overlooked, whether in protected cultivation or open field conditions. Taking 2020 as an example, the planting area of cucumbers in China has reached 1.27 million hectares, accounting for more than half of the global total, with a production of approximately 73.36 million tons, which even exceeds 80% of the world's total (Wang et al., 2024; Li et al., 2024). Such a scale is no accident and also reflects the weight of cucumbers in China's vegetable system from the side. Coupled with their refreshing taste, stable nutrition, high market acceptance, and the ability to be cultivated throughout the year, they have played a substantial role in stabilizing vegetable supply and increasing farmers' income. Over the past few years, the approaches taken by different regions to increase and stabilize cucumber yields have not been exactly the same. However, research and practice have not ceased. Many domestic production areas have started by improving water, fertilizer, and environmental conditions first, and as yields gradually increased, they also began to pay attention to the application of new varieties with disease resistance and high yield. Grafting and hydroponic cultivation have been used more and more, aiming to enhance stability (Samba et al., 2025; Gianco et al., 2019). In the foreign context, countries with mature facility conditions have already achieved a high level in greenhouse cucumber production, with large investment and meticulous management being their common characteristics. In comparison, our overall level still has room for improvement. However, with the gradual popularization of drip irrigation and intelligent greenhouses, this gap is being narrowed. Overall, the combination of various technologies has led to significant achievements in high-yield cucumber production. This article focuses on how cucumbers can achieve stable and high yields. It systematically reviews the relevant research conducted in recent years and thereby clarifies the research and overall plan. Starting from the issues commonly concerned in cultivation practices, the article first introduces the biological and ecological basis on which high yield of cucumbers relies, and then combines variety selection and seed treatment to outline key cultivation measures and green control technologies for pests and diseases. At the same time, it also pays attention to the application of intelligent and information-based means in production， and through case studies of high-yield models in typical regions, demonstrates the actual effects of the collaborative application of multiple
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