Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.5, 228-237 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 233 the amount of water is not well controlled, it will affect the development of the fruit and even make the taste worse (Jiménez et al., 2022). Therefore, when to water and how much to water is not necessarily the more the better. There is also the issue of choosing a place to plant. Not everywhere is suitable. Valleys or small basins with stable climates are less likely to experience frost or extreme high temperatures, and are safer choices. Mountainous or windy areas, although the soil is good, are more likely to encounter sudden changes in weather and unstable yields. As for temperature, soil management can also come in handy. If the ground temperature can be raised in advance, the fruit can also mature 8 to 10 days earlier. This not only allows for earlier picking, but also increases the chances of avoiding bad weather (Reig et al., 2016a). Finally, don't forget that "living by the weather" can actually be supported by data. Many people have started to use temperature data to build models to predict flowering and maturity in advance. Although it may not be 100% accurate, it can at least let people know how to arrange it earlier, so as not to wait until things happen before cramming. 7 Case Study in China 7.1 Loquat production challenges and climate characteristics Growing loquats in China is not always an easy task, especially when the weather is unpredictable. Take Lishui, Zhejiang, for example. The area usually has enough heat and rainfall, but problems often occur during the young fruit stage. Frosts come and go, and in some years, they even freeze for ten consecutive days (Figure 3) (Jiang et al., 2022). The situation in mountainous areas is even more complicated. Not only are they prone to frost in early spring, but they may also encounter high temperatures when the fruits are about to ripen. Research data also mentioned that the three key periods of flowering, young fruit and ripening can withstand temperatures of -5℃, -3℃ and 30℃, respectively. If they exceed these temperatures, accidents are likely to occur. Guangdong is more detailed, and risk areas prone to high temperatures, frost and fruit wilting have been marked. In the final analysis, the significance of these zoning maps is actually to remind everyone: Don't plant blindly, but see if the local climate is suitable. In addition, sudden drops in temperature, continuous heavy rains, or long periods of cold air are also common in some production areas in northern China. These extreme weather events affect people every year, and many cases of crop yield reduction occur (Wang et al., 2009). Figure 3 Spatial distribution of climatic mean frozen injury days (FID) during loquat young fruit period over Lishui (Adopted from Jiang et al., 2022)
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