Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.5, 238-245 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 238 Feature Review Open Access Research on the Optimization of Rice Production Management Models Based on Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Zufang Chen, Dapeng Zhang Hier Rice Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China Corresponding email: dapeng.zhang@hitar.org Bioscience Methods, 2025, Vol.16, No.5 doi: 10.5376/bm.2025.16.0022 Received: 08 Jul., 2025 Accepted: 19 Aug., 2025 Published: 09 Sep., 2025 Copyright © 2025 Chen and Zhang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Chen Z.F., and Zhang D.P., 2025, Research on the optimization of rice production management models based on integrated rice-fish farming, Bioscience Methods, 16(5): 238-245 (doi: 10.5376/bm.2025.16.0022) Abstract As an ecological farming model that integrates agriculture and aquaculture, integrated rice-fish farming has shown great potential in promoting green agricultural development, improving land use efficiency, and enhancing farmers’ economic returns in recent years. This study explores optimized rice production management strategies suitable for different ecological regions in China, focusing on the management structure, agronomic practices, nutrient regulation, environmental and economic benefits, and regional implementations of rice-fish systems. The findings reveal that through rational field design, coordinated crop-aquaculture management, and the optimization of water and nutrient control along with eco-friendly pest management, it is possible to simultaneously improve rice quality, enhance agricultural ecosystems, and increase farmers’ income. Based on representative models from Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Sichuan provinces, this study further proposes region-specific rice-fish management schemes with potential for wider application, providing valuable references for the development of an efficient, green, and sustainable modern agricultural system. Keywords Integrated rice-fish farming; Rice production management; System optimization; Ecological agriculture; Regional models 1 Introduction Integrated rice-fish farming is an agricultural method that combines rice cultivation with aquaculture. This method is more environmentally friendly and can also bring good economic benefits. Fish, ducks, or crayfish and other aquatic animals are raised in rice fields, and they can cooperate with rice. On the one hand, this can make the nutrient cycle in the field smoother, reduce pests, and improve the soil; on the other hand, it can also help increase food production (Jin et al., 2020). Farming aquatic animals can also bring additional income, while using less fertilizers and pesticides and reducing environmental pollution. Now, many places have already had similar traditional farming practices, and people are paying more and more attention to the role of this method in food security and sustainable agricultural development (Prakash et al., 2022; Anwar et al., 2023). Traditional rice farming methods rely heavily on fertilizers and pesticides. If they are used too much, it is easy to make the soil and water quality deteriorate, and the number of plant and animal species will decrease. These problems will make this farming method more and more difficult to sustain. As the input increases, the effect is declining, such as the soil fertility decreases, pests become more difficult to control, and the final yield does not increase much. Moreover, traditional methods often fail to make good use of existing natural resources, resulting in low efficiency and waste (Syed et al., 2023; Wang et al., 2023). Given the many limitations of traditional rice cultivation, there is an urgent need to optimize rice production management in the rice-fish integrated system. This study takes the rice-fish symbiotic system as the core, systematically analyzes its application mechanism and advantages in rice production management, combines typical breeding models in different regions, and optimizes and analyzes key links such as rice planting density, fertilization management, water regulation, and pest and disease control through field empirical surveys and production practice data, in order to improve the productivity and sustainability of the system by screening effective symbiotic breeding models. This is of great significance for expanding the application scope of rice-fish integrated breeding, meeting the needs of sustainable food production, and ensuring the long-term stability of agricultural ecosystems.
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