Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.4, 204-217 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 214 Figure 3 The growth stages of rice 6.3 Field performance and evaluation data of efficient varieties In the green high-yield demonstration in Jiashan, selected high-yield and high-efficiency varieties showed excellent field adaptability and yield-increasing effects. For example, the indica-japonica hybrid rice "Yongyou 33" was planted in 91.78 mu of the demonstration field, with an average yield of 778.5 kg per mu, an increase of about 5% over the control (the control is the average yield under local conventional management during the same period). The plants of "Yongyou 33" grow robustly, with large panicles and many grains, showing strong resistance to lodging and uniformity. Under the treatment of 20% nitrogen reduction, the variety still maintained excellent yield, only about 2% less than the conventional nitrogen treatment, showing a high nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency (Zhou et al., 2020). The conventional late japonica rice variety "Jiahe 567" was planted in 14.83 mu of the demonstration field, with an average yield of about 625.4 kg per mu, and the rice quality was tested to reach the national standard high-quality level 3. Its nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity and agronomic efficiency are higher than the control variety Xiushui 134. "Jiahe 567" has good tillering and ear formation and high fruiting rate in medium fertility fields. It has a certain tolerance to insufficient nitrogen supply, and the yield has not decreased significantly under the condition of 15% nitrogen reduction (Sun et al., 2020). Another demonstration variety "Xiushui 1717" was planted in 7.51 acres, with an average yield of 598.3 kg per acre. The rice tastes soft and sticky and is popular in the market. This variety has moderate plant height and good color change at maturity. There is no greed for green and premature aging under one base and one topdressing. Comprehensive evaluation shows that varieties such as Yongyou 33 and Jiahe 567 have both high yield potential and high nitrogen efficiency, but each has its own advantages. Yongyou 33 is more suitable for high-input and high-yield cultivation, but is slightly inferior in stable yield and stress resistance; Jiahe 567 has a slightly lower yield but outstanding nitrogen efficiency, and is more suitable for medium fertility and green input mode. The demonstration also showed that there is a clear interaction between varieties and fertilization patterns: Yongyou 33 works best with side-deep slow-release fertilizer technology, which not only ensures nitrogen supply in the early and middle stages but also avoids excessive growth in the later stages; Jiahe 567 is more flexible to nitrogen reduction, and can achieve stable high yields with a 20%-30% nitrogen reduction when combined with moderately dense planting. Therefore, in large-scale promotion, the corresponding fertilization strategy should be selected according to the characteristics of the variety to achieve the best match between variety potential and cultivation measures, and achieve the win-win goal of high yield and high efficiency. 7 Concluding Remarks Efficient nitrogen utilization in rice involves multiple processes from root absorption, assimilation and transport in the body to gene regulation. Recent studies have deepened our understanding of the core mechanism of this process: roots efficiently obtain soil nitrogen through ammonium/nitrate transporters, and rely on robust roots and rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to increase nitrogen supply; nitrogen ascends along the xylem and is
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