Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 117-136 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 126 Figure 4 Flowering plants (sunflower, marigold, cosmos) grown on the bunds in rice plots to provide resources for biocontrol agents, especially parasites/parasitoids, in rice landscapes (Adapted from Ali et al., 2019) 4.3 Biotechnology in agricultural processing In addition to the breeding and farming links, Pan'an also introduces biotechnology in agricultural product processing and comprehensive utilization, extending the agricultural industry chain and increasing added value. First, the deep processing of Chinese medicinal materials uses biological extraction technology. Through biotechnology such as enzymolysis, fermentation, and supercritical extraction, Chinese herbal medicine companies in Pan'an have extracted effective ingredients from medicinal materials such as polygonatum and scrophularia, and developed new products such as polygonatum polysaccharide oral liquid and scrophularia fermented beverage. Compared with traditional medicinal pieces, these products have increased the utilization rate and functionality of medicinal materials, and significantly increased the income of farmers. For example, a company used multi-strain combined fermentation technology to convert polygonatum into complex polysaccharides, which improved its antioxidant activity. The product was well received on the market. Second, biological fermentation and microbial agents are used in tea processing. Pan'an tried to imitate the production process of black tea, introduced specific strains to ferment "Pan'an Yunfeng" green tea, and made unique fermented tea products, which improved the diversity of tea. At the same time, the branches and leaves pruned from the tea garden and the tea dregs are used to improve the soil of organic tea gardens after being composted by microorganisms, forming a circulation model. Third, the application of enzyme preparations in food processing. Pan'an's traditional food processing such as dried potatoes, kudzu powder, and soy products are gradually adopting enzymatic technology to replace chemical methods to improve quality and output rate. For example, pectinase is used to clarify kudzu starch to improve transparency; composite protease is used to hydrolyze soybean meal feed in advance to improve the conversion rate of livestock and poultry feed. These measures have achieved significant results. Fourth, biomass conversion of agricultural and forestry waste. In response to the large amount of crop straw and forestry waste generated by mountain agriculture, Pan'an actively explores the use of biomass energy and materials. Small-scale biogas projects are built to ferment livestock and poultry manure and straw to produce
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