Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 117-136 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 125 have been significantly improved. For example, the new variety "Panruanxiang" glutinous rice has a 15% increase in yield compared with the old variety, and has a lower amylose content and is softer and more glutinous, which is popular in the market. It can be said that biological breeding has injected scientific and technological genes into agriculture and provided a continuous new impetus for industrial revitalization. As Pal et al. (2024) pointed out, biotechnology can cultivate crops that are resistant to pests and diseases and richer in nutrition, achieving both current production increases and future resource conservation. In Pan'an, this is well confirmed: relying on the combination of rich local species resources and modern breeding technology, traditional industries have been rejuvenated, farmers have increased their income, and the ecology has been protected by the use of local varieties. 4.2 Biological pest management and eco-control The extensive use of chemical pesticides has been a stumbling block to the green development of agriculture. It not only aggravates environmental pollution, but also leads to excessive residues in agricultural products and loss of biodiversity. To this end, Pan'an vigorously promotes biological control measures in agricultural pest control, and strives to achieve the green management goal of "no extinction of pests and no increase in pesticides". Specific measures include: First, protect and utilize natural enemy resources. By planting flowering plants around farmland to provide a habitat for beneficial insects such as bees, aphid flies, and lacewings; hang artificial nest boxes in orchards and vegetable gardens to attract insectivorous birds; protect the ecological environment of rice fields to facilitate the reproduction of frogs, loaches, etc. (Figure 4) (Ali et al., 2019). These beneficial organisms effectively reduce the base number of pest populations. According to observations by the agricultural department, the incidence of pests in fields where biodiversity optimization management is implemented has decreased by more than 20%. Second, artificial release of natural enemies. Pan'an has established a parasitic bee breeding farm. Every year, trichogrammatids are released in rice fields to control the striped stem borer, and swollen-legged bees are released in citrus orchards to parasitize psyllids. Good results have been achieved - the parasitism rate of rice stem borer eggs has reached 80%, and the population density of citrus psyllids has dropped by more than 70%, thus controlling the occurrence of diseases and pests such as stem borers and Huanglongbing. The third is biological pesticide substitution. The county promotes Bt preparations, insect-proof fungi, and bio-source pesticides (such as matrine and rotenone) to replace highly toxic and highly residual pesticides. The application of Bacillus thuringiensis preparations in vegetables and tea leaves is focused on testing, and the control effect against cabbage worms, tea caterpillars, etc. is as high as 90%, and it is safe for natural enemies and has low residues. The fourth is physical entrapment and control technology combined with biological control (Zhang and Wang, 2024). For example, solar insecticidal lamps are installed in the field to lure and kill adult noctuids, or sex attractants are used to interfere with the mating of rice leaf rollers. At the same time, traditional ecological methods such as raising ducks and fish in rice fields are combined to achieve multiple measures. Due to the comprehensive application of various green control technologies, the green control coverage rate of major crop pests and diseases in Pan'an has reached more than 80%, the use of chemical pesticides has been reduced by nearly half compared with 2015, and the qualified rate of pesticide residues in agricultural products has remained stable at more than 99%. It is worth mentioning that these biological control measures are also closely integrated with agricultural product certification and brand building-only vegetables and fruits produced by bases that adopt green control can be labeled as "Pan'an ecological agricultural products" for sale, thereby improving product competitiveness and prompting farmers to consciously adopt them. This confirms the sustainability of IPM (integrated pest management): "IPM encourages natural pest control mechanisms to play a role by minimizing interference with farmland ecosystems." Pan'an's experience shows that driven by both policies and markets, biological control technology can gradually replace chemical pesticides and become the mainstream, safeguarding agricultural production. At present, the global biopesticide industry is also rising rapidly, and the biopesticide market will maintain double-digit growth from 2018 to 2022. As a pioneering region for green agricultural development, Pan'an will continue to introduce advanced biological control technologies, such as RNA interference insecticides and new insect virus preparations, to further consolidate the results of green pest control and achieve the coordinated coexistence of agricultural production and the ecological environment.
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