Bioscience Methods 2025, Vol.16, No.3, 117-136 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 120 forest ecosystem plays a key role in soil and water conservation and climate regulation. Pan'an has undulating terrain, and forest vegetation reduces the risk of rainstorm runoff and soil erosion, protecting farmland from floods and waterlogging disasters; the transpiration of vegetation and the evaporation of water bodies help regulate the local climate, alleviate the high temperature and drought in summer, and form a good microclimate for crop growth (Li and Wang, 2019; Yang et al., 2023). At the same time, healthy ecosystems provide services such as pollination and biological control: Pan'an's abundant rapeseed, buckwheat and other nectar plants and abundant wild flowers create habitats for pollinating insects such as bees, and pollinator activities improve the yield and quality of fruit and vegetable crops; forests and wetlands near farmland provide shelter for natural enemies such as frogs, spiders, and birds, which prey on pests and help control crop diseases and pests. This ecological self-regulation function reduces the demand for pesticide input and is conducive to the production of green organic agricultural products. Pan'an's unique landscape and biodiversity also have cultural service value - the beautiful rural landscape and rich medicinal tea culture have attracted a large number of tourists to experience leisure agriculture and rural tourism, and ecotourism has become an important part of the local industry (Figure 1). In short, from providing material products to maintaining environmental quality to supporting cultural and educational activities, ecosystem services permeate all aspects of Pan'an's agricultural and rural development. As pointed out by the International Research Institute: "Healthy ecosystems provide services such as clean water, pollination, soil conservation and climate regulation, which are indispensable for food production." In the process of promoting the revitalization of the agricultural industry, Pan'an attaches great importance to protecting and giving play to these ecological functions, and achieves a win-win situation between man and nature through ecological benefits. Figure 1 Beautiful pastoral landscape environment of Pan'an County (Photographed by Wenjun Cai) 2.3 Agricultural potential of local species Pan'an has many local species and varieties with unique characteristics. They are not only an important part of biodiversity, but also a potential treasure trove for agricultural efficiency improvement. In recent years, the local area has actively promoted the domestication, selection and branding of characteristic species, transforming the advantages of biological resources into industrial advantages. The most representative are the five major traditional Chinese medicinal materials known as the "Pan Five Flavors", including Corydalis, Atractylodes, Scrophularia, Polygonatum, Curculigo, etc. (Zhou et al., 2024). These medicinal materials are famous for their long history of growth and high quality in Pan'an. In 2019, Pan'an was recognized as a national advantage zone for characteristic agricultural products of Chinese medicinal materials. "Pan Five Flavors" has become a regional public brand, and the Chinese medicinal materials industry has entered the fast lane of standardized and large-scale development. Taking Polygonatum as an example, Pan'an implemented the "Ten Billion-level Key Technology Research and Development for Polygonatum Industrialization" project, and cooperated with university scientific research teams to carry out variety selection and breeding and standardized planting technology research. Over the past three years, researchers have successfully bred a new strain of high-yield and high-quality Polygonatum sibiricum, and demonstrated and promoted the simulated wild cultivation model under the forest, which significantly increased the yield per mu of Polygonatum sibiricumand the content of effective ingredients such as polysaccharides, and promoted the development of Polygonatum sibiricum cultivation in dozens of local villages, and the purchase price of medicinal materials has steadily increased. Another example is Pan'an's traditional high-quality tea variety "Pan'an Yunfeng", which is awarded the national agricultural product
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