Bioscience Methods 2024, Vol.15, No.6, 337-347 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/bm 337 Review and Progress Open Access Advances in Agronomic Practices for High-Yield Soybean Cultivation Yuting Zhong1,2, Shuiliang Zhong1, 1 Hangzhou Shuiliang Vegetable Professional Cooperative, Xiaoshan, 311202, Zhejiang, China 2 Zhejiang Agronomist College, Hangzhou, 311202, Zhejiang, China Corresponding author: 2510246308@qq.com Bioscience Methods, 2024, Vol.15, No.6 doi: 10.5376/bm.2024.15.0033 Received: 03 Oct., 2024 Accepted: 14 Nov., 2024 Published: 02 Dec., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Zhong and Zhong, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Zhong Y.T., and Zhong S.L., 2024, Advances in agronomic practices for high-yield soybean cultivation, Bioscience Methods, 15(6): 337-347 (doi: 10.5376/bm.2024.15.0033) Abstract Soybeans are a critical crop for global food security and agricultural economies, making it essential to identify and optimize agronomic practices that enhance yield and sustainability. This review explores various strategies for improving soybean cultivation through advanced agronomic practices. We examine soil health management, including organic and inorganic fertilization, crop rotation, and sustainable practices from global case studies. Water management, including irrigation techniques and drought resistance, is discussed in the context of optimizing yield potential. The role of advanced crop management, such as planting optimization, weed control, and tillage practices, is evaluated for improving soybean productivity. Genetic improvement through breeding technologies, including marker-assisted selection and CRISPR, is explored to boost yield and disease resistance. Additionally, we assess the importance of sustainable agricultural practices like integrated pest management and precision agriculture in reducing environmental impact. The review concludes with a case study comparing agronomic practices in the United States and Argentina, illustrating the effectiveness of these strategies in boosting soybean yields. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of current best practices and future directions for soybean cultivation, offering insights for enhancing productivity and sustainability in global agriculture.% Keywords Soybean cultivation; Agronomic practices; Soil fertility; Water management; Genetic improvement 1 Introduction Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a critical crop globally, renowned for its high protein and oil content, making it a staple in both human and animal diets. Its cultivation is pivotal not only for food security but also for its role in enhancing soil fertility through nitrogen fixation (Ngosong et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022). The crop's adaptability to various climatic conditions and its economic significance have led to extensive research aimed at optimizing its yield and quality (Assefa et al., 2019; Sobko et al., 2020). In regions like Europe, where soybean cultivation is expanding, understanding the crop's agronomic requirements is essential for maximizing productivity (Adamič and Leskovšek, 2021). Agronomic practices significantly influence soybean yield and quality. Traditional methods, such as the use of chemical fertilizers, have been shown to improve growth and yield but often at the expense of environmental sustainability. Recent studies have highlighted the benefits of integrating organic manures and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) with chemical fertilizers to enhance soil health and crop productivity (Lohar and Hase, 2022; Ngosong et al., 2022). Additionally, innovative approaches like the use of Fe-based nanomaterials and conservation tillage systems are being explored to further improve soybean growth and yield (Adamič and Leskovšek, 2021). The choice of seeding systems, such as drilling versus precision seeding, also plays a crucial role in determining the agronomic characteristics and yield of soybean (Sobko et al., 2020). This study attempts to explore the impact of integrated nutrient management practices, including the use of chemical fertilizers, organic manures, and microbial inoculants, on soybean yield and soil health, discuss the effectiveness of innovative technologies such as nanomaterials and conservation tillage in enhancing soybean growth and nodulation, and provide an overview of the influence of different seeding systems on soybean agronomic traits and yield stability, while identifying key genetic and environmental factors that contribute to
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