Bioscience Evidence 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 56-68 http://bioscipublisher.com/index.php/be 62 Figure 3 The effect of RGO on intestinal inflammatory factors and oxidative indexes in LPS mice (Adopted from Li et al., 2023) Image caption: A and B show that LPS treatment significantly increased the levels of IL-6, IL-17, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the intestinal tissues of mice compared to the normal group, while the RGO treatment group significantly reduced these inflammatory cytokines. Figures C and D indicate that LPS treatment significantly elevated the levels of MDA in the intestinal tissues of mice and decreased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT. In contrast, the RGO treatment group significantly restored the activities of these antioxidant enzymes and reduced the levels of MDA. These results suggest that RGO can alleviate LPS-induced intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage by reducing inflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant capacity (Adapted from Li et al., 2023) 6.4 Other pharmacological activities Rehmannia glutinosa exhibits a range of other pharmacological activities, including anti-diabetic, cardiovascular protective, and hepatoprotective effects. The anti-diabetic properties are linked to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which enhances insulin sensitivity (Bhattamisra et al., 2019). The cardiovascular protective effects involve the apelin/APJ and Jak-Stat pathways, which contribute to improved heart health (Bhattamisra et al., 2019). Additionally, the plant's hepatoprotective effects are demonstrated through its ability to reduce liver damage and improve liver function in various models (Bhattamisra et al., 2019). Rehmannia glutinosa demonstrates a wide array of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular protective, and hepatoprotective effects. These activities are mediated through various molecular mechanisms, highlighting the plant's potential as a valuable medicinal resource.
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