International Journal of Marine Science, 2025, Vol.15, No.4, 186-198 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 196 ecological models and genetic data will greatly expand the analysis dimension. Multigenome integration can not only parse and differentiate, but also use it to identify snap-ins. By comprehensively analyzing genomic data, we may objectively delineate genetically independent population units and evaluate the effective population size and mobility of each unit, providing a scientific basis for demarcation of fishery management departments. 7.3 Suggestions on marine fisheries management and species protection Based on the findings of this study, we put forward the following suggestions for fishery management and species protection of fishes in the genus Mackerel: Implement regional management based on population units. Genetic studies show that some mackerel species have geographical differentiation, and traditional administrative regional demarcation may not necessarily match the actual population boundaries. Therefore, it is recommended that the fishery sector refer to genetic evidence to manage genetically connected populations as units. Establish a network of marine protected areas to cover key genetic units. Highly migratory fish such as mackerels often lay eggs, scavenge, and overwinter all over the country, requiring habitat protection from multiple locations. Genetic research helps identify key reproductive populations and connect corridors. It is recommended to set up protected areas or fishing moratoriums in the main spawning grounds and migration channels, and form a network to ensure that all genetic units are protected. Include genetic diversity monitoring indicators. Traditional fishery management is mostly based on resource quantity and biomass indicators, but the decline in genetic diversity may be an early signal of resource degradation. Fisheries research institutions are advised to regularly collect genetic samples of mackerel fish to monitor allelic diversity and population differentiation indicators. Prevent foreign gene infiltration and gene destruction. If artificial breeding of mackerels is developed in the future, release activities should be managed carefully to avoid putting seedlings with large genetic differences into wild populations, causing genetic pollution. At the same time, engineering construction should minimize interference to migratory routes to avoid artificial isolation of groups. For situations where genetic structural changes have occurred (such as speculated that the population of the Yellow and Bohai Seas has been reduced), artificial breeding of local seedlings should be considered to assist in recovery, but it is necessary to ensure that local parent fish breeding is used to maintain genome adaptability. Strengthen publicity and international cooperation. Improve the public's awareness of the importance of protecting marine fish genetic resources, so that fishermen understand that protecting breeding groups and young fish is not only for the purpose of fishing next year, but also for the continuation of genetic bloodline. Acknowledgments The authors thank Professor Li and the research team for their guidance and support during the writing of this paper, and also appreciates the reviewers' constructive comments. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors confirm that the study was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships and could be interpreted as a potential conflict of interest. References Brígida E., Cunha D., Rêgo P., Sampaio I., Schneider H., and Vallinoto M., 2007, Population analysis of Scomberomorus cavalla (Cuvier 1829) (Perciformes Scombridae) from the Northern and Northeastern coast of Brazil, Brazilian Journal of Biology, 67(4): 919-924. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842007000500016 Canino M., Spies I., Lowe S., and Grant W., 2010, Highly discordant nuclear and mitochondrial DNA diversities in atka mackerel, 2010: 375-387. https://doi.org/10.1577/C09-024.1 Cheng J., Yanagimoto T., Song N., and Gao T., 2015, Population genetic structure of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus in the Northwestern Pacific inferred from microsatellite analysis, Molecular Biology Reports, 42: 373-382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3777-2 Da Cunha D.B., Rodrigues-Filho L.F.S., De Luna Sales J.B., Rêgo P., Queiroz C., Sampaio I., and Vallinoto M., 2020, Molecular inferences on Scomberomorus brasiliensis from the Western South Atlantic based on two mitochondrial genes, Frontiers in Marine Science, 7: 558902. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.558902
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