International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.5, 332-340 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 338 8 Concluding Remarks Zebrafish have proven to be an invaluable model for studying ciliary development and related diseases. The transparency of zebrafish embryos and their rapid development allow for detailed observation of ciliary structures and functions. Studies have shown that zebrafish possess both primary and motile cilia, which are essential for various physiological processes. For instance, research has demonstrated the presence of motile cilia in the olfactory pit and the left-right organizer, with structural similarities to human respiratory cilia. These findings underscore the utility of zebrafish in understanding the genetic and molecular underpinnings of ciliary development and dysfunction. The potential for future research using zebrafish models in ciliary-related diseases is vast. Given the genetic and physiological similarities between zebrafish and humans, zebrafish can be used to explore the pathogenesis of diseases such as Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) and other ciliopathies. The ability to perform high-resolution imaging and genetic manipulation in zebrafish makes it possible to identify novel genes and pathways involved in ciliary function and disease. Additionally, zebrafish models can be employed in high-throughput drug screening to discover new therapeutic compounds for treating ciliary-related disorders. Zebrafish models are increasingly recognized for their importance in translational medicine. Their genetic tractability, coupled with the conservation of disease-related genes and pathways, makes them an excellent system for studying human diseases and developing new treatments. Zebrafish have been used to model a wide range of conditions, from cardiovascular and metabolic diseases to neurodegenerative disorders and liver diseases. The insights gained from zebrafish research have led to the identification of new drug targets and the development of therapeutic strategies that are now being tested in clinical trials. The continued use of zebrafish in biomedical research promises to accelerate the discovery of effective treatments for a variety of human diseases, highlighting their critical role in the future of precision medicine. Acknowledgments Thanks to Dr. J. Li from Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University for providing feedback after reading the manuscript, which has continuously improved the study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Blacque O.E., Scheidel N., and Kuhns S., 2017, Rab GTPases in cilium formation and function, Small GTPases, 9(1-2): 76-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/21541248.2017.1353847 Cevik S., Peng X.Y., Beyer T., Pir M., Yenisert F., Woerz F., Hoffmann F., Altunkaynak B., Pir B., Boldt K., Karaman A., Cakiroglu M., Oner S.S., Cao Y., Ueffing M., and Kaplan O.I., 2023, WDR31 displays functional redundancy with GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) ELMOD and RP2 in regulating IFT complex and recruiting the BBSome to cilium, Life Science Alliance, 6(8): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201844 Delvallée C., and Dollfus H., 2023, Retinal degeneration animal models in bardet-biedl syndrome and related ciliopathies, Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 13(1): a041303. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a041303 Dupont M., Humbert C., Huber C., Siour Q., Guerrera I., Jung V., Christensen A., Pouliet A., Garfa-Traoré M., Nitschké P., Injeyan M., Millar K., Chitayat D., Shannon P., Girisha K., Shukla A., Mechler C., Lorentzen E., Benmerah A., Cormier-Daire V., Jeanpierre C., Saunier S., and Delous M., 2019, Human IFT52 mutations uncover a novel role for the protein in microtubule dynamics and centrosome cohesion, Human Molecular Genetics, 28(16): 2720-2737. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddz091 Dutta S., Sriskanda S., Boobalan E., Alur R., Elkahloun A., and Brooks B., 2015, Nlz1 is required for cilia formation in zebrafish embryogenesis, Developmental Biology, 406(2): 203-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.08.019 He L., Xu W., Jing Y., Wu M., Song S., Cao Y., and Mei C., 2015, Yes-associated protein (Yap) is necessary for ciliogenesis and morphogenesis during pronephros development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio), International Journal of Biological Sciences, 11: 935-947. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.11346 Jin D.Q., Liu P.Y., and Zhong T.P., 2015, Prostaglandin signaling in ciliogenesis during development, Cell Cycle, 14(1): 1-2. https://doi.org/10.4161/15384101.2014.989946
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