International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 134-154 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 137 The villages of Antafiamivony, Ambanifony, Ambavarano and Ampasimadera, all with mangroves, are where crab and shrimp fishing activities take place. The presence of the mangrove forest and the coral ecosystem (FAO, 2009; Ntibona et al., 2023) testifies to the richness of marine biodiversity in these areas. For this reason, the areas are selected to carry out this study. 1.2 Description of Antafiamivony fishing zones The fishing zones of Antafiamivony are characterized by the existence of a vast mangrove ecosystem on the one hand (Figure 2). This determines the presence of numerous flora and fauna species such as gastropods, fish as well as crustaceans, particularly crabs and shrimps. In addition, these areas are dominated by a large area of seagrass. Which makes shrimp fishing easier. Given that the coral ecosystem is very distant from the village, this forces fishermen to go further to catch fish, cephalopods and echinoderms. Figure 2 Antafiamivony fishing areas 1.3 Ambanifony fishing area The fishing areas of Ambanifony are characterized by the existence of mangrove ecosystems and coral reef (Figure 3). These two ecosystems play an important role in the spawning grounds of various marine animals. Thanks to these two ecosystems, Ambanifony fishermen can fish for various species of fish, crustaceans, gastropods, cephalopods as well as echinoderms. These fishing areas are located to the east of this village and are more productive thanks to the presence of seaweed farming next to the coral ecosystem. 1.4 Ambanifilao fishing zone Being provided with the closest fishing zone, the coastal zone of Ambanifilao is covered by reef barriers (Figure 4). The presence of the coral ecosystem in this fishing area indicates that the fishermen of this village have advantages in fishing for several species of fish, cephalopods and echinoderms (sea cucumber). Indeed, the non-existence of mangrove forest around this village prevents fishermen from fishing for species such as crabs, gastropods, etc.
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