International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 111-119 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 111 Review and Progress Open Access Deep Sea Unknown: A Review and Outlook on the Discovery of New Marine Species in the Early 21st Century QiongChen Zhuji Gewuzhihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding email: 2314548193@qq.com International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, doi: 10.5376/ijms.2024.14.0014 Received: 02 Mar., 2024 Accepted: 15 Apr., 2024 Published: 27 Apr., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Chen, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproductio4n in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Chen Q., 2024, Deep sea unknown: a review and outlook on the discovery of new marine species in the early 21st century, International Journal of Marine Science, 14(2): 111-119 (doi: 10.5376/ijms.2024.14.0014) Abstract At the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid progress of deep-sea exploration technology, scientists discovered many previously unknown new species in the deep-sea environment. These discoveries not only challenged people's understanding of the limits of life, but also provided new perspectives for biodiversity research. The aim of this study is to comprehensively review the discovery of new deep-sea species during this period and explore their impact on biodiversity understanding, deep-sea ecosystem function research, and environmental protection and sustainable utilization. By analyzing the progress of deep-sea exploration technology, the discovery of iconic new species, and the contributions of these new species to scientific theory and environmental policies, this study emphasizes the importance of deep-sea research in promoting biodiversity conservation and understanding the complexity of life on Earth. The purpose of the research is to raise public and decision-makers' awareness of deep-sea environmental protection, promote a balance between scientific exploration and environmental protection, and emphasize the crucial role of international cooperation in deep-sea research and protection. By looking forward to the possible directions and challenges of future deep-sea research, we provide scientific basis and policy recommendations for deep-sea exploration and protection, to ensure the sustainable development and protection of the deep-sea, the last frontier of the earth. Keywords Deep sea exploration; Biodiversity; Deep sea technology; Environmental protection; International co-operation In the history of exploration in the 21st century, the deep sea has been one of the last frontiers studied by scientists. The deep sea, the most mysterious area on earth, covers more than 70% of the earth's surface, but more than 80% has not been explored by humans. In this vast and unknown deep blue, there are countless secrets and undiscovered lives hidden. In the early 21st century, people 's exploration and understanding of the deep sea have made a qualitative leap, especially the discovery of new species, which not only expanded the understanding of biological diversity (Ramirez-Llodra et al., 2010), but also provided The study of biological evolution and ecosystems provides new perspectives and data. The discovery of new species in the deep sea not only satisfies human curiosity and desire for exploration, but is also of great significance to scientific research. Every discovery of a new species may subvert people's current understanding of biology, ecology and even earth science. These creatures survive and thrive in extreme deep-sea environments, demonstrating the resilience and diversity of life. Their existence not only enriches biodiversity, but may also hold biochemical substances with potential application value in modern medicine, new material development and other fields (Lins and Brandt, 2020). This study aims to review the discovery process of new deep-sea species since the beginning of the 21st century. By sorting out the important discoveries and research results of the past two decades, it shows the progress of deep-sea exploration technology and how these advances help scholars understand unknown organisms. At the same time, this study will also explore the contribution of new species discoveries to the understanding of deep-sea ecosystems, and how these studies have affected people's overall understanding of the earth's biodiversity. In addition, this study will also discuss the technical, environmental and ethical challenges encountered in deep-sea research, and how to address these challenges through international cooperation and promote the healthy development of deep-sea research. Through this research, we hope to provide new ideas and
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