International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 102-110 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 109 prediction tools to assess future environmental conditions and the potential impacts of these conditions on marine ecosystems and human society (Khan et al., 2024). Future planning enables decision-makers to consider different climate change scenarios and develop flexible adaptation strategies for possible future conditions, such as planning sustainable coastal urban development that takes into account the impacts of future sea level rise. Effective implementation of adaptive management and future planning requires interdisciplinary collaboration and the participation of multiple stakeholders, including scientists, policymakers, community leaders and the private sector. By sharing knowledge, experience and resources, vulnerabilities can be better identified, adaptation measures developed and implemented, and society's resilience to future changes promoted. The development of policy and legal frameworks is critical to support adaptive management and future planning. This includes developing flexible policies that can adapt to new scientific discoveries and technological advances, and establishing incentives to encourage actions to mitigate and adapt to climate change. 5 Summary and Outlook Sea level rise is one of the direct consequences of climate change, which has profound long-term effects on Earth's marine ecosystems. These impacts are not limited to coastline erosion and frequent flooding, but have a deeper impact on marine life habitats, biodiversity and marine ecological balance. As sea levels continue to rise, we are witnessing changes in ecosystem function, shifts in species distributions, and habitat loss. These changes pose a direct threat to fisheries, tourism and the livelihoods of coastal communities, while also exacerbating global biodiversity loss. Future research directions should focus on several key areas. Monitoring and prediction of sea level rise rates and patterns need to be enhanced to more accurately assess its potential impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems (Santos et al., 2024). Conduct in-depth research on the most affected ecosystems and species, particularly those highly sensitive to climate change such as coral reefs, mangroves and estuarine wetlands. It is critical to explore and evaluate different adaptive management strategies to determine how to best protect threatened ecosystems and communities. In terms of policy development, findings from scientific research should be used to develop policies at national and international levels aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change and increasing the adaptive capacity of coastal communities. This includes developing shoreline management and protection strategies, restoring damaged ecosystems, establishing sea level rise monitoring networks and increasing public awareness and understanding of the impacts of climate change. Sea level rise is a complex global problem that poses long-term challenges to both marine ecosystems and human society. Through in-depth research on sea level rise and its long-term impacts, we will not only be able to better protect and manage marine ecosystems, but also contribute to maintaining the earth's biodiversity and promoting sustainable development. Future research and policy formulation need to fully consider the complexity and urgency of these challenges and take scientific, reasonable and forward-looking measures to ensure that the earth can continue to provide support and shelter for all life. References Abu M., Heath S.C., Adger W.N., Codjoe S.N.A., Butler C., and Quinn T., 2024, Social consequences of planned relocation in response to sea level rise: impacts on anxiety, well-being, and perceived safety, Sci Rep., 14(1): 3461. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53277-9 Chen C.X., Fang Y., and Liu J.Y., 2023, Vulnerability assessment of urban landscape systems under risk of sea level rise superimposed with storm surge:a case study of Guangzhou, Huazhong Nongye Daxue Xuebao (Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University), 42(4): 53-63. Chen C.X., Fang Y., Yan Q.Q., and Liu J.Y., 2023, Multi-scenario simulation assessment of land-use pattern vulnerability and coping strategies in response to sea level rise, Zhongguo Yuanlin (Chinese Landscape Architecture), 39(3): 27-33. Elneel L., Zitouni M.S., Mukhtar H., Galli P., and Al-Ahmad H., 2024, Exploring key aspects of sea level rise and their implications: an overview, Water, 16(3): 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16030388
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