International Journal of Marine Science, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 94-101 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ijms 97 spectroscopy. These analytical methods help determine the molecular formula (Figure 2), structure, and chemical properties of the compounds. Figure 2 Separation of active substances from marine diatom production Bioactivity assessment is a crucial step in understanding whether the isolated compounds possess biological activity. This involves both in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine the biological effects of the compounds within living organisms. In in vitro experiments, cell culture systems or biochemical analysis methods can be used to assess the biological activities of compounds, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. In in vivo experiments, animal models can be employed to study the toxicity and pharmacological properties of the compounds. Once the bioactivity and pharmacological characteristics of marine bioactive substances are identified, researchers can further explore their potential applications. This may involve additional drug development, clinical trials, industrial applications, or ecological research. 2 Medicinal Effects of Marine Bioactive Substances Marine bioactive substances exhibit a variety of medicinal effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, neuroprotective, cardiovascular effects, and more. These bioactive substances have the potential to impact the field of medicine, offering new avenues for cancer treatment, management of autoimmune diseases, antibiotic development, cardiovascular health, antioxidant therapies, and the treatment of neurological disorders. The vast potential of marine biological resources brings new hope to the fields of medicine and biological sciences. 2.1 Drug discovery and development The drug discovery and development of marine bioactive substances is a complex, multi-stage, and interdisciplinary process aimed at isolating, identifying, and studying compounds with potential pharmaceutical effects from marine organisms (You, 2019). This process typically begins with the collection of various types of marine biological samples, ranging from seaweed to sponges, corals, and microorganisms. These samples may originate from different global marine regions, as organisms in different areas may contain various types of bioactive substances. Once samples are obtained, researchers conduct preliminary bioactivity screening to identify which samples may contain potential drug activity.
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