International Journal of Aquaculture, 2025, Vol.15, No.1, 37-44 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 42 6.3 Lessons from international collaborations and research programs Many technologies actually come from international cooperation projects. Foreign research teams and local cooperation have introduced some very advanced tools and ideas. RNA sequencing technology can help study the mechanism of lotus root browning and find solutions. This is useful for extending the shelf life of lotus roots (Zhu et al., 2022). There are also some portable detection equipment, such as the LAMP detection tool mentioned just now, which was also developed under the cooperation of international teams. These tools help farmers quickly identify diseases without waiting for laboratory reports. These cooperation shows that in the face of common agricultural problems, it is easier to find a good way at home and abroad. 7 Technological Innovations in Lotus Rhizome Cultivation 7.1 Smart agriculture and automation Smart agriculture and automation have begun to play an important role in the cultivation of lotus rhizomes. The development of rapid diagnostic tools such as LAMP detection can quickly identify pathogens that cause rhizome rot, such as Fusarium alaris and Fusarium. This technology enables farmers to make informed decisions about pesticide use and disease management, thereby increasing the efficiency of cultivation practices and reducing crop losses (Feng et al., 2016). 7.2 Genetic improvement and biotechnology Advances in biotechnology have led to the establishment of a high-efficiency callus induction system for lotus, which is crucial for genetic improvement and rhizome development research. By optimizing factors such as explant type, growth medium and environmental conditions, the researchers achieved efficient callus production. This system not only facilitates genetic research, but also supports the production of valuable secondary metabolites such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, which are important for plant defense and human health applications (Li et al., 2015; 2023). 7.3 Data-driven decision making Data-driven methods are increasingly used to improve the processing and storage of lotus roots after harvest. Transcriptome analysis has been used to understand the molecular mechanisms of browning during storage, which is the main issue affecting the marketability of lotus roots. By identifying differentially expressed genes associated with browning, researchers can develop strategies to alleviate this problem, thereby extending the shelf life of lotus roots and maintaining the quality of lotus roots during long-term storage and transportation (Deng et al., 2021). 8 Concluding Remarks Recently, there have been a lot of new progress in the cultivation and post-harvest treatment technology of lotus roots. These progress is mainly to improve yield and quality. One important achievement is the establishment of an efficient callus induction system. This system makes the lotus root more likely to form callus by selecting the appropriate variety, adjusting the lighting conditions, and selecting the appropriate explant development stage. Combined with specific culture media and plant hormones, the efficiency of seedling cultivation can greatly improve. In terms of storage, researchers have also solved some problems, such as browning of lotus roots. Now with anti-browning solutions and RNA sequencing technology, key genes that cause browning can be found, thereby extending the shelf life of lotus roots and keeping them on the market. Another key point is disease prevention and control. A quick diagnosis method like LAMP detection can quickly detect whether lotus root is infected with Fusarium. This bacteria is the main cause of rhizome rot and has a particularly great impact on yield. Now with new technology, farmers can detect diseases faster and deal with them in time to avoid losses. These technological advances not only improve planting and treatment effects at present, but also have great significance for future agricultural development. For example, callus system can be used in breeding to help select better lotus root varieties. Understanding the browning mechanism can also develop better preservation methods. Rapid diagnostic tools can also make pest management more effective, helping crops grow healthier and produce higher yields.
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