International Journal of Aquaculture, 2024, Vol.14, No.4, 195-210 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 200 2.5 Digital tools as climate change adaptation Dahl (2020) advocated that climate change is compelling countries to change their mindset and invest massively to address sustainable measures involving aquaculture and fishery. Climate change has become the uttermost priority around the world which likewise engages in making provision for food security and protecting vulnerabilities of this specific type of food production. Mustafa et al. (2021) emphasized the fact that even though aquaculture can improve food sufficiency around the world, the need for science and technology is inevitable. Digital technologies have the potential to support adaptation strategies in fisheries and aquaculture, but they are not a panacea for addressing climate change impacts. Limitations include data quality and availability, infrastructure and connectivity, cost and accessibility, specialized skills and training, and cybersecurity concerns. The digitalization of such an industry would enable sustainable production of food while adopting safer technologies, improving the workforce and capturing larger value chains. This analysis aligns with the research of Zhang and Gui (2023), who described that China had to counteract overfishing and pollution by adopting a database network that uses detection sensor technologies and data mining techniques, encompassing machine learning and digital neural networks to geo-localize and sustainably fish at sea. Digital technologies may not fully address the complexities of climate change impacts on fisheries and aquaculture, as they may not fully capture the social, cultural, and economic contexts in which these industries operate. Oversimplification of complex issues can lead to inadequate or ineffective solutions. Overreliance on technology may distract from other critical adaptation strategies, such as policy changes, community engagement and ecosystem-based approaches. The fisheries sector as described by Girard and Du Payrat (2017), are massively using innovative technologies. Collaborative-friendly devices include mobile radio-telephonic devices, geo-positioning services and telemetry accessibility to locate and translocate fishing areas are successful examples of such technologies. Dismukes (2022) emphasized that the use of digital technologies involving machine learning, smartphones, open-source data, remote sensing, satellite recognition, and video production, all have the potential of creating a wide area of possibilities to collect, communicate, analyze and distribute climate-related information. Balasundram et al. (2023) pointed out some climate change adaptation strategies for building resiliency for a smart seafood industry. The use of specialized equipment that could provide precision nutrition for farmed fish is one strategy to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. To address some limitations and inadequacies, it is essential to integrate digital technologies with other approaches, develop context-specific solutions, ensure equitable access and benefits, and foster international cooperation and knowledge sharing. By acknowledging and addressing these limitations, it is possible to develop more effective and sustainable adaptation strategies that support the resilience of fisheries and aquaculture in the face of climate change. Nowadays, climate change adaption strategy involves equipping boats with digital tools with the aim of reducing losses in the seafood sector. This evolution enables proper management of resources and reverses the threat of overfishing while allowing fishermen to improve their profitability together helping the sea organism and marine lives. Rowan (2023) went some miles further in describing the use of digital tools in disrupting traditional farming systems and proposing solutions in sectors which could choose alternatives for fish forages, recycling of aquaculture systems, DNA editing for robust breeds, novel marketing strategies, disease mitigation and monitoring systems and cybersecurity. 3 Systematic Literature Review 3.1 Data collection There are several studies and research performed by authors describing the use of technology and digitalisation in the field of aquaculture and fisheries. But the studies were more pronounced and in-depth in one field only such as computerization, which could not show the application of the tool in that context. To fully analyse those research and studies, the systematic review approach is adopted to get a full grasp of available techniques used in this field.
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