International Journal of Aquaculture, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 91-100 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 93 pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and hypoglycemic effects. The diverse phytochemical composition of the lotus rhizome underscores its potential for use in traditional medicine and modern therapeutic applications (Tungmunnithum et al., 2018; Chen et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2021b). Figure 1 The chemical structures and names of the mains flavonoid O- (starting by O), C-glycosides (starting by C) and quercetin (Quer) and Diosmetin (Dio) aglycones fromNelumbo nucifera tissues (Adopted from Tungmunnithum et al., 2022) Image caption: Flavonoid abbreviations used: Myr, myrycetin; Quer, quercetin; Kae, kaempferol; Iso, isorhamnetin; Syr, syringetin; Dio, diosmetin; Api, apigenin; Lut, luteolin. Sugar abbreviations used: Glc, glucoside; Gal, galactoside; Ara, arabionoside; Gln, glucuronide; Rut, rutinoside; Hex, hexoside; Xyl, xylose; Rha, rhamnose; Pen, pentose. rutin, quercetin 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-glucopyranoside; hyperoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside; isoquercitrin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside; Astragalin, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside; orientin, luteolin 8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside; isoorientin, luteolin 6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside; vitexin, apigenin 8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside; isovitexin, apigenin 6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (Adopted from Tungmunnithum et al., 2022) 3 Nutritional Profile of Lotus Rhizome 3.1 Macronutrient content Lotus rhizome is a rich source of essential macronutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. The primary metabolites present in the rhizome contribute significantly to its nutritional value. Carbohydrates are the most abundant macronutrient, making the rhizome a good energy source. Proteins are also present in substantial amounts, which are crucial for body repair and growth. Lipids, although present in smaller quantities, contribute to the overall nutritional profile of the rhizome (Yamini et al., 2019a).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==