International Journal of Aquaculture, 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 73-80 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 76 omega-3 fatty acids into nanocarriers has been shown to enhance their stability and bioactivity, further fortifying the fillets with these beneficial nutrients (Ibrahim et al., 2022). Figure 1 Effect of diets enriched with different supplemental levels of omega-3NPs (omega-3 nano particles) on real-time PCR analysis of oxidative-related genes [SOD (a), CAT (b), and (GPX (c)] expression in the muscle and intestine of Nile tilapia before challenge withAeromonas hydrophila(Adopted from Ibrahim et al., 2020) Image captio: Data are expressed as means±SE. Bars with different letters denote significant differences (p < 0.05). Control: basal diet without omega-3-NPs omega-3-NPs I, II, and III: basal diet supplemented with omega-3-NPs at levels of 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg diet, respectively (Adopted from Ibrahim et al., 2020) 5.2 Impact on fish health and growth The enhancement of omega-3 fatty acids in tilapia diets not only benefits human consumers but also positively impacts fish health and growth. Studies have demonstrated that omega-3 supplementation can improve growth performance, feed conversion ratios, and overall fish health. For instance, dietary supplementation with nanoencapsulated nerolidol and omega-3 fatty acids has been shown to promote growth, reduce oxidative stress, and enhance the antioxidant capacity of tilapia (Baldissera et al., 2020; Ibrahim et al., 2022). Furthermore, omega-3 enriched diets have been associated with improved immune responses and increased resistance to diseases such as Aeromonas hydrophila (Ibrahim et al., 2022). These benefits contribute to the overall sustainability and productivity of tilapia aquaculture.
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