International Journal of Aquaculture, 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 1-8 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 2 This study explores the biochemical adaptability between tropical hard corals and symbiotic algae, particularly under the ecological conditions of climate change pressure. The research investigates how hard corals and symbiotic algae adapt to the rising temperatures and acidification of seawater, as well as how they adjust photosynthesis and antioxidant defense mechanisms to cope with the constantly changing environment. Furthermore, the study discusses changes in the species of symbiotic algae and metabolic adaptability in hard corals, providing a scientific basis for the healthy development of marine ecological balance. Understanding the biochemical adaptive mechanisms between tropical hard corals and symbiotic algae helps them survive the challenges of climate change. This relationship is crucial for the stability of hard coral reefs and the health of global marine ecosystems. Through in-depth research and global cooperation, can assist this fragile relationship in surviving and thriving under the threats of climate change, allowing marine environments to become more diverse and multidimensional. 1 Basic Ecological Relationship between Hard Corals and Symbiotic Algae Tropical hard coral reefs are renowned as one of the most rich and diverse ecosystems on Earth. The foundation of this ecological marvel lies in the delicate ecological relationship between hard corals and symbiotic algae. These small organisms play a crucial role in maintaining the biodiversity and productivity of tropical marine ecosystems. 1.1 Classification of pearl morphology Hard corals (Scleractinia) are the builders of coral reefs, known for their hard calcareous bones, which are, composed of calcified collagen. This rigid external skeleton provides protection for hard corals, allowing them to survive in the turbulent waters and predation by predators. Despite appearing rigid and immobile, hard corals are vibrant organisms, with generally slow growth rates; most corals only grow a few millimeters to centimeters each year. Hard corals (Figure 1) are widely distributed in shallow marine environments in tropical and subtropical regions globally, particularly in the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. The warm waters of these regions provide favorable conditions for the survival and growth of hard corals. Hard corals usually live in shallow sea water, most species of hard corals live in areas not exceeding 50 meters in depth, although some specialized species can be found in deeper waters. Figure 1 Hard coral
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