International Journal of Aquaculture, 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 20-28 http://www.aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija 21 The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and lessons learned from implementing effective fisheries management strategies, and to look forward to the future trends and directions of sustainable fisheries development. This study analyzes the current situation and challenges of global fisheries management, summarizes the experience and lessons learned from implementing effective fisheries management, explores the impact of sustainable development goals (SDGs) on fisheries management, and analyzes the importance of innovation and cooperation for sustainable fisheries development. Through this study, we hope to draw more attention to the sustainable development of fisheries and promote the joint efforts of the international community to achieve sustainable utilization of fisheries and protection of marine ecological environment. 1 A Global Perspective on Sustainable Fisheries 1.1 Current status of global marine fisheries The current status of global marine fisheries is a complex and multidimensional issue, involving multiple levels such as environment, economy, policy, and society. In the past few decades, global fishing activities have significantly increased due to population growth and rising demand for seafood. According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), about one-third of global fishing resources are overfished, leading to a decline in productivity in some important fishing grounds, and fishing intensity is still continuing or increasing. Meanwhile, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities have further exacerbated the overexploitation of resources and the deterioration of marine ecological environment (Shui, 2023). Despite these challenges, the concept and practice of sustainable fisheries are gradually being promoted. More and more countries and regions are recognizing the importance of sustainable management of fishery resources and have taken a series of measures, such as implementing fishing quota systems, establishing marine protected areas, and promoting eco-friendly fishing technologies, to alleviate pressure on marine ecosystems. In addition, scientific research on promoting the recovery and management of fishery resources has been strengthened, providing more data and technical support, and providing a basis for formulating effective fishery management policies and practices. However, achieving sustainable development of global fisheries still faces many challenges. This includes strengthening international cooperation to jointly address the management issues of cross-border fishery resources; Improve the implementation of fisheries management policies and reduce IUU fishing activities; And adapting to and mitigating the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems and fishery resources. Future efforts require global participation, combined with policies, technology, and community management to effectively protect marine resources and achieve long-term sustainable development of fisheries. 1.2 International fisheries management strategy In the global perspective of sustainable fisheries, international fisheries management strategies play a crucial role in promoting the long-term health and productivity of global fisheries resources. These strategies are typically developed and promoted by international organizations, multilateral agreements, and transnational cooperation frameworks, including but not limited to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea sets a legal framework for the protection and utilization of marine resources, clarifying the rights and obligations of countries to manage marine resources in their jurisdictional waters. In addition, FAO provides a series of principles and standards through the Responsible Fisheries Code of Conduct, aimed at supporting the sustainable use of global fisheries resources by promoting environmental sustainability, socio-economic responsibility, and effective fisheries management and development. RFMOs are international organizations responsible for managing specific sea areas or fish species, which establish fishing quotas, technical measures, and regulatory strategies to protect and restore fishery resources (Lu and Zou, 2023).
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