International Journal of Molecular Zoology, 2025, Vol.15, No.2, 90-100 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 98 However, in the face of future demands, hybrid breeding still has broad room for expansion. First of all, the integration of molecular genetics and population breeding should be further strengthened to deeply explore the genetic mechanisms that determine the hybridization effect. For instance, by using whole-genome selection and functional gene verification, the key genes that complement different strains can be precisely identified, thereby enhancing the accuracy of hybrid combination prediction. Secondly, it is necessary to take into account both industrial demands and resource protection to promote the sustainable development of hybrid breeding. It is necessary not only to meet the market demands for high yield and efficiency through hybridization, but also to pay attention to the protection and utilization of local genetic resources and maintain the genetic diversity of chicken flocks to cope with future challenges. Secondly, emerging technologies such as gene editing, single-cell omics and intelligent breeding systems are expected to inject new vitality into hybrid breeding, but their application needs to be carefully evaluated and gradually advanced. In terms of policy and scientific research investment, support should be given to the research and demonstration of innovative breeding technologies, interdisciplinary talents should be cultivated, and traditional breeding experience should be combined with modern biotechnology. To ensure the sustainability and efficiency of domestic chicken breeding, it is necessary to integrate breeding strategies with industry demands, resource conservation and technological progress. Protecting genetic diversity, especially local species, is crucial for maintaining resilience and adapting to changing environments in the long term. Breeding programs should not only prioritize productivity, but also the conservation of genetic resources, animal welfare and environmental sustainability. By promoting cooperation among breeders, scientists and industry stakeholders, and leveraging modern biotechnology tools, the poultry industry can build a robust, efficient and sustainable future breeding model. Acknowledgments The authors appreciate the feedback from the two anonymous peer reviewers on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Ahmed Soliman M., Hassan Khalil M., El-Sabrout K., and Kamel Shebl M., 2020, Crossing effect for improving egg production traits in chickens involving local and commercial strains, Veterinary World, 13(3): 407-412. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.407-412 Alves A.A., Fernandes A.F., Lopes F.B., Breen V., Hawken R., and Rosa G.J.M., 2024, Genetic analysis of feed efficiency and novel feeding behavior traits measured in group-housed broilers using electronic feeders, Poultry Science, 103(7): 103737-103746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.103737 Cai K., Liu R., Wei L., Lin X., Xu H., Li W., Chen Z., Li G., and Li H., 2024, Genome-wide association analysis identify candidate genes for feed efficiency and growth traits in Wenchang chickens, BMC Genomics, 25: 645-659. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10559-w Cendron F., Persichilli C., Senczuk G., Albera A., Zanetti E., and Cassandro M., 2025, Italian local chicken breeds: a comparative analysis of biodiversity on a global scale, Genetics Selection Evolution, 57: 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-025-00980-4 Chuang E.Y.S., Wellmann R., Meijboom F.L.B., Tetens J., and Bennewitz J., 2024, Simulation of dual-purpose chicken breeding programs implementing gene editing, Genetics Selection Evolution, 56(1): 7-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-023-00954-z Dadfar M.J., Torshizi R.V., Maghsoudi A., Ehsani A., and Masoudi A.A., 2023, Trade-off between feed efficiency and immunity in specialized high-performing chickens, Poultry Science, 102(7): 102703-102713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102703 de Haas E.N., Oliemans E., and van Gerwen M.A.A.M., 2021, The need for an alternative to culling day-old male layer chicks: A survey on awareness, alternatives, and the willingness to pay for alternatives in a selected population of Dutch citizens, Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8: 662197-662210. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.662197
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODYzNA==