International Journal of Molecular Zoology, 2024, Vol.14, No.6, 326-333 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 326 Feature Study Open Access Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smart Sensors in Livestock Health Monitoring Haimei Wang Hainan Institute of Biotechnology, Haikou, 570206, Hainan, China Corresponding author: haimei.wang@hibio.org International Journal of Molecular Zoology, 2024, Vol.14, No.6 doi: 10.5376/ijmz.2024.14.0029 Received: 10 Nov., 2024 Accepted: 12 Dec., 2024 Published: 22 Dec., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Wang, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Wang H.M., 2024, Evaluating the effectiveness of smart sensors in livestock health monitoring, International Journal of Molecular Zoology, 14(6): 326-333 (doi: 10.5376/ijmz.2024.14.0029) Abstract This study explores various types of intelligent sensors used for livestock management, including biometric sensors for physiological monitoring, environmental sensors for farm level assessment, and integrated systems that combine multiple functions. The applied technologies cover disease prevention, improving animal welfare, and advancing precision livestock practices. The main advantages of using intelligent sensors include improved real-time monitoring, cost savings in livestock management, and their contribution to sustainable agriculture. A case study on the implementation of intelligent sensors in dairy farms highlights practical achievements and challenges, providing a broader impact for the industry. Looking ahead, the integration of emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and biosensing, coupled with collaborative frameworks and policy support, is expected to overcome current obstacles. This study aims to emphasize the transformative potential of intelligent sensors in enhancing livestock health monitoring, paving the way for more sustainable and efficient agricultural practices. Keywords Livestock health monitoring; Smart sensors; Precision livestock farming; Sustainable agriculture; IoT in farming 1 Introduction Smart sensors have revolutionized livestock health monitoring by providing real-time data and insights into animal health and behavior. These sensors, often integrated with the internet of things (IoT), enable continuous monitoring of various health parameters such as temperature, heart rate, and location, which are crucial for early disease detection and management (Rahmawati et al., 2023; Schulthess et al., 2023). Wearable devices and biosensors are particularly effective in tracking eating habits, rumination, and physical activity, thereby allowing farmers to make informed decisions to enhance productivity and animal welfare (Go et al., 2022). The deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and IoT platforms has further facilitated the automation of livestock monitoring, reducing the need for manual labor and improving the efficiency of farm operations (Rajendran et al., 2023). Livestock health is a critical component of global food security and economic stability (Stygar et al., 2021). Healthy livestock contribute significantly to the production of meat, dairy, and other animal products, which are essential for meeting the nutritional needs of a growing global population. The livestock industry also plays a vital role in the economies of many countries, particularly in developing regions where it is a major source of income and employment (Arshad et al., 2022). Ensuring the health and welfare of livestock through advanced monitoring technologies can lead to increased productivity, reduced disease outbreaks, and lower production costs, thereby supporting sustainable agricultural practices and economic growth (Džermeikaitė et al., 2023; Sahoo et al., 2024). This study evaluates the effectiveness of intelligent sensors in enhancing livestock health monitoring, including examining the current status of sensor technology, their applications in disease detection and management, and their impact on farm productivity and animal welfare. It explores the challenges and limitations associated with implementing these technologies, such as the need to validate and integrate sensor data into farm management systems. This study aims to emphasize the potential of intelligent sensors in changing animal husbandry, promoting global food security, and economic stability through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and technologies.
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