International Journal of Molecular Zoology 2024, Vol.14, No.3, 166-181 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 178 rhythms further highlights the adaptive strategies organisms employ to cope with seasonal variations, emphasizing the role of environmental cues in shaping biological rhythms. Understanding circadian rhythms in animals offers profound implications for both basic and applied sciences. Future research should focus on elucidating the molecular and genetic underpinnings of circadian clocks in diverse species and their interactions with environmental and social factors. Investigating the mechanisms of circadian disruption and its link to metabolic and other chronic diseases could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies. Additionally, exploring the role of circadian rhythms in different life-history stages and ecological contexts will provide a more comprehensive understanding of their adaptive value. As we continue to unravel the complexities of circadian biology, interdisciplinary approaches integrating molecular genetics, physiology, and ecology will be crucial in advancing our knowledge and addressing the broader implications for health and disease management. Acknowledgements The authors extend sincere thanks to two anonymous peer reviewers for their feedback on the manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Asher G., and Schibler U., 2011, Crosstalk between components of circadian and metabolic cycles in mammals, Cell Metabolism, 13(2): 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2011.01.006 PMid:21284980 Ashton A., Foster R., and Jagannath A., 2022, Photic entrainment of the circadian system, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(2): 729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020729 PMid:35054913 PMCid:PMC8775994 Bertolini E., Schubert F., Zanini D., Sehadová H., Helfrich-Förster C., and Menegazzi P., 2019, Life at high latitudes does not require circadian behavioral rhythmicity under constant darkness, Current Biology, 29(22): 3928-3936, e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.032 PMid:31679928 Bloch G., Barnes B., Gerkema M., and Helm B., 2013, Animal activity around the clock with no overt circadian rhythms: patterns, mechanisms and adaptive value, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 280(1765): 20130019. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0019 PMid:23825202 PMCid:PMC3712434 Cao T., 2023, A review of animal models of the circadian cycle, Theoretical and Natural Science, 8: 226-229. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/8/20240392 Chapman E., Bonsor B., Parsons D., and Rotchell J., 2020, Influence of light and temperature cycles on the expression of circadian clock genes in the mussel Mytilus edulis, Marine Environmental Research, 159: 104960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104960 PMid:32250881 Dibner C., Schibler U., and Albrecht U., 2010, The mammalian circadian timing system: organization and coordination of central and peripheral clocks, Annual Review of Physiology, 72(1): 517-549. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135821 PMid:20148687 Dreyer A., Martin M., Fulgham C., Jabr D., Bai L., Beshel J., and Cavanaugh D., 2019, A circadian output center controlling feeding: fasting rhythms in Drosophila, PLoS Genetics, 15(11): e1008478. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008478 PMid:31693685 PMCid:PMC6860455 Dubruille R., and Emery P., 2008, A plastic clock: how circadian rhythms respond to environmental cues in Drosophila, Molecular Neurobiology, 38: 129-145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-008-8035-y PMid:18751931 Eckel-Mahan K., and Sassone-Corsi P., 2013, Metabolism and the circadian clock converge, Physiological reviews, 93(1): 107-135. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00016.2012 PMid:23303907 PMCid:PMC3781773
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