International Journal of Molecular Zoology 2024, Vol.14, No.3, 154-165 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 157 have shed light on adaptive traits and the pathogenesis of heritable diseases, underscoring the utility of cross-species genomic methods in conservation management (Samaha et al., 2021). Additionally, the conservation of chromatin conformation across carnivores, including felids, has been observed, highlighting the importance of maintaining three-dimensional chromatin architecture for conserved genome functions. This conservation has practical applications in reducing costs associated with karyotyping and physical mapping in biodiversity genome sequencing efforts (Corbo et al., 2022). Figure 1 Comparative analysis of chromatin conformation in felids. Puma, tiger, leopard, cheetah, and clouded leopard C-scaffolds orthologous to cat chromosome D3 (FCA D3) and E1 (FCA E1) (Adopted from Corbo et al., 2022) Image caption: (A) Homologous synteny blocks of the five felids visualized in Evolution Highway at 300-kb resolution. Blue indicates same sequence orientation as the reference genome. Pink depicts chromosome inversions (arrows indicate inversions bigger than 1 Mb). Numbers represent the scaffold identifier of the target species. (B) Juicer plots of orthologous C-scaffolds for the five felids as numbered in part A. Color intensity reflects the frequency of interactions between pairs of loci on C-scaffolds (range 1 to 1,000 for each map). Blue histograms depict eigenvector values for each species matrix at 500-kb resolution. Similar comparisons for all other cat chromosomes are shown in SI Appendix, Fig. S2. Alignment coordinates can be found in Dataset S3 (Adopted from Corbo et al., 2022) 4.3 Implications for conservation The findings on genetic diversity and comparative genomics have significant implications for the conservation of felid species. Identifying species with low genetic diversity, such as the Asiatic lion, can help prioritize conservation efforts to mitigate the risks associated with reduced genetic variability. The use of cross-species genome alignments and the conservation of chromatin conformation can aid in the development of cost-effective genomic resources for non-model species, facilitating more informed conservation strategies. Furthermore, understanding the genetic basis of adaptive traits and disease susceptibility can inform breeding programs and habitat management practices aimed at enhancing the resilience of felid populations (Fan et al., 2018).
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