International Journal of Molecular Zoology 2024, Vol.14, No.3, 128-140 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 138 Expanding research to include these taxa will provide a more comprehensive picture of invertebrate evolution and biodiversity. By addressing these future prospects, researchers can continue to unravel the complex interactions between invertebrates and their changing environments, contributing to the broader field of evolutionary biology. Acknowledgements The authors thank the two anonymous peer reviewers for their careful review and feedback on the manuscript of this study, which helped us to improve and refine this study. Conflict of Interest Disclosure The authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Abdelhady A., Mohamed R., Fathy D., and Ali A., 2020, Benthic invertebrate communities as a function of sea-level fluctuations and hydrodynamics: A case from the Cenomanian-Turonian of Wadi Tarfa (Eastern Desert, Egypt), Journal of African Earth Sciences, 168: 103870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103870 Arif I., and Khan H., 2009, Molecular markers for biodiversity analysis of wildlife animals: a brief review, Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 32(1): 9-17. https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2009.32.0009 Badyrka K., Clapham M., and López S., 2013, Paleoecology of brachiopod communities during the late Paleozoic ice age in Bolivia (Copacabana Formation, Pennsylvanian-Early Permian), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 387: 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.07.016 Box I., Matthews B., and Marshall K., 2022, Molecular evidence of intertidal habitats selecting for repeated ice-binding protein evolution in invertebrates, Journal of Experimental Biology, 225(Suppl_1): jeb243409. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243409 PMid:35258616 Brown L., Khamis K., Wilkes M., Blaen P., Brittain J., Carrivick J., Fell S., Friberg N., Füreder L., Gíslason G., Hainie S., Hannah D., James W., Lencioni V., Ólafsson J., Robinson C., Saltveit S., Thompson C., and Milner A., 2017, Functional diversity and community assembly of river invertebrates show globally consistent responses to decreasing glacier cover, Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2: 325-333. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0426-x PMid:29255301 Chen Z., Li H., Zhai X., Zhu Y., He Y., Wang Q., Li Z., Jiang J., Xiong R., and Chen X., 2019, Phylogeography, speciation and demographic history: contrasting evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear markers of the Odorrana graminea sensu lato (Anura, Ranidae) in China, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 144: 106701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106701 PMid:31811937 Clark M., Sommer U., Sihra J., Thorne M., Morley S., King M., Viant M., and Peck L., 2016, Biodiversity in marine invertebrate responses to acute warming revealed by a comparative multi- omics approach, Global Change Biology, 23: 318-330. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13357 PMid:27312151 PMCid:PMC6849730 Condamine F., Clapham M., and Kergoat G., 2016, Global patterns of insect diversification: towards a reconciliation of fossil and molecular evidence? Scientific Reports, 6: 19208. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19208 PMid:26778170 PMCid:PMC4725974 Crampton-Platt A., Timmermans M., Gimmel M., Kutty S., Cockerill T., Khen C., and Vogler A., 2015, Soup to tree: the phylogeny of beetles inferred by mitochondrial metagenomics of a Bornean rainforest sample, Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32: 2302-2316. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv111 PMid:25957318 PMCid:PMC4540967 Dong Y., Wu N., Jiang W., Li F., and Lu H., 2020, Cascading response of flora and terrestrial mollusks to last deglacial warming, Global Ecology and Conservation, 24: e01360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01360 Eckmair B., Jin C., Karlsson N., Abed-Navandi D., Wilson I., and Paschinger K., 2020, Glycosylation at an evolutionary nexus: the brittle star Ophiactis savignyi expresses both vertebrate and invertebrate N-glycomic features, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 295: 3173-3188. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA119.011703 PMid:32001617 PMCid:PMC7062179 Garrick R., Rowell D., and Sunnucks P., 2012, Phylogeography of saproxylic and forest floor invertebrates from Tallaganda, south-eastern Australia, Insects, 3: 270-294. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects3010270 PMid:26467960 PMCid:PMC4553628
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