International Journal of Molecular Zoology 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 31-43 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 37 identify abnormal expression of disease-related genes and disrupted intercellular interactions in congenital brain developmental abnormalities, neuronal migration disorders, and neural tube closure disorders. This helps to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of diseases and provides important clues for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Single cell omics techniques can also be combined with other high-throughput techniques. Rocks et al. (2020) discovered single-cell ATAC seq and single-cell chromatin conformation capture techniques to comprehensively analyze key information such as gene expression, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin structure in neurological diseases. The application of these technologies will help discover new therapeutic targets and develop more effective treatment methods. 2.4 Cancer diagnosis and treatment Single cell omics techniques, especially single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq), have found widespread applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. These technologies can provide unprecedented insights, enabling researchers to analyze the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to tumor occurrence, evolution, metastasis, and immune response with higher resolution and accuracy. Peng et al. (2020) summarized the latest single-cell multi omics technologies and discussed their potential applications in cancer biology, providing unprecedented insights into decoding cellular and molecular mechanisms related to tumor generation, evolution, metastasis, and immune response with higher resolution and accuracy. Strzelecka et al. (2018) focused on the use of single-cell omics in cellular and animal disease models as well as human patient samples, emphasizing the potential of these methods to further improve various pathological diagnoses and treatments, while discussing the advantages and challenges of implementing these technologies in clinical practice. Peng et al. (2020) explored single-cell multi omics and its potential applications in cancer biology. They believe that single-cell multi omics technology is based on a combination of multiple single-cell single omics technologies, which can simultaneously analyze RNA expression, single nucleotide polymorphism, epigenetic modifications, or protein abundance, making it possible to gain a deeper understanding of gene expression regulation mechanisms. The application prospects of these technologies in cancer biology are being explored. Liu et al. (2021) investigated the application of single-cell omics in tumor immunology. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an ecosystem that includes multiple cell types such as cancer cells, immune cells, and stromal cells. The use of single-cell technology systematically outlined the multi omics states in TME, providing unprecedented resolution for the pathogenesis of cancer and abnormal tumor immune function. Nath and Bild (2021) discussed the application of single-cell omics technology in cancer precision medicine. The development of single-cell technology enables the tracking of tumor heterogeneity and its use to reveal the biological processes of clone evolution, which is of great significance for the development of personalized treatment strategies. The single-cell multi omics method has broken through the limitations of previous data resolution and can provide a more detailed understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of tumor progression, immune escape, metastasis, and treatment resistance. 3 Construction of Three Cross Species Comparison and Developmental Biology Models 3.1 Conservation and differences between model organisms and humans during development Conservation refers to the core mechanisms and gene networks shared by different species during their developmental process. Model organisms, such as mice, zebrafish, fruit flies, etc., are often used in developmental biology research because they share high similarities in developmental mechanisms with humans. These model organisms exhibit significant conservatism compared to humans in terms of cell differentiation, organ formation, and signal transduction. Many genes and signaling pathways related to organogenesis and cell fate determination are similar in both model organisms and humans. Veraksa et al. (2000) studied developmental pattern genes and their conserved functions, emphasizing the conserved functions of developmental pattern genes, such as the Hox gene system, which involves establishing
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