International Journal of Molecular Zoology 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 31-43 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmz 36 2.2 Human organ development and regenerative medicine With the rapid development of single-cell omics technology, its application in human organ development and regenerative medicine is becoming increasingly widespread. Single cell omics technology can deeply study the molecular mechanisms at the cellular level, providing powerful tools for understanding the fine processes of organ development and the potential applications of regenerative medicine. In terms of organ development, single-cell omics technology can reveal the diversity of cell types, intercellular interactions, and spatiotemporal changes in gene expression at different developmental stages. Li et al. (2016) systematically analyzed the molecular mechanism of growth plate development using single-cell RNA sequencing technology for the first time, providing new insights into unknown molecular cascade reactions. Researchers can identify key genes and signaling pathways related to organ development, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of organ formation. The results of this study enhance the understanding of bone growth and development regulation, and have potential implications for the treatment of bone diseases and the application of regenerative medicine. In addition, single-cell omics technology can also combine three-dimensional cell culture and organ chip technology to simulate the in vivo environment and further explore the complex process of organ development. Single cell omics technology plays a crucial role in understanding the complexity of human organ development and revealing new strategies in regenerative medicine, providing powerful tools for future biomedical research and treatment methods. In the field of regenerative medicine, single-cell omics technology helps to discover potential regenerative mechanisms and cell types. Karthaus et al. (2020) found that stem cells or progenitor cells with regenerative ability can be identified through single-cell analysis, and their mechanisms of action in the regeneration process can be further understood. Single cell omics technology can also reveal the interactions and signaling networks between cells, providing important clues for the development of effective regenerative therapy methods. It is worth noting that single-cell omics technology can also be combined with cutting-edge technologies such as gene editing and cell therapy, providing new therapeutic strategies for regenerative medicine. Silva et al. (2021) found that through gene editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can precisely modify genes within cells to promote tissue regeneration and repair. Meanwhile, by combining cell therapy and tissue engineering techniques, modified cells can be applied for the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. 2.3 Neurological development and diseases The nervous system is one of the most complex and intricate systems in the human body, and precise regulation of its developmental process is crucial for the normal physiological functions of individuals. Meanwhile, abnormal development of the nervous system is often closely related to the occurrence of various diseases. Single cell omics techniques, especially single-cell transcriptomics and single-cell epigenetics, provide powerful tools for in-depth research on the molecular mechanisms of neurological development and diseases. In terms of neurological development, single-cell omics techniques can reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation, migration, and synaptic formation of neural cells at different developmental stages. Through techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing, researchers can accurately measure gene expression levels in individual nerve cells and compare differences between different developmental stages or cell types. This helps to discover key genes and regulatory networks related to neural cell differentiation, migration, and synaptic formation, further understanding the fine processes of nervous system development. As Lake et al. (2016) developed a mononuclear sequencing technique for cells from the Bodeman region of the human brain. Through gene expression clustering, 16 subtypes of neurons were identified, which are consistent with the origin region and exhibit regional variations in both excitatory and inhibitory neuronal subtypes, defining different cortical regions. In the field of neurological diseases, single-cell omics technology helps to reveal the molecular mechanisms and pathological processes of disease occurrence. Castro et al. (2022) found that single-cell omics techniques can
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjQ4ODY0NQ==