International Journal of Molecular Veterinary Research 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 17-22 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/ijmvr 19 clinical manifestations of chronic infection, including symptoms of acute infection and the manifestations of chronic infection. Acute symptoms of FCV infection typically include flu-like symptoms such as fever, coughing, sneezing, and conjunctivitis. These symptoms may be mild in the early stages of infection but can progress to severe respiratory symptoms like rapid breathing and increased nasal discharge. Chronic FCV infection presents more complex manifestations. Cats may experience recurrent respiratory infections with symptoms such as sneezing, nasal discharge, and flu-like symptoms (Wang and Lin, 2024). Additionally, chronic infection may lead to oral ulcers, conjunctivitis, and other manifestations (Figure 1), impacting the quality of life for the cat. Figure 1 Ulcerative lesions on the tongue of cats with FCV infection (Hofmann-Lehmann et al., 2022) 3.2 Interaction with other feline viruses The interaction between FCV and other feline viruses may have profound effects on the health of cats during the course of chronic infection. Interaction between FCV and feline coronavirus could lead to more complex symptoms in cats. Studies suggest that the coexistence of these two viruses may increase the risk of chronic infection and may also trigger conditions such as feline infectious peritonitis. FCV infection could exacerbate the course of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection, compromising the immune system of affected cats. This interaction may result in more severe and challenging-to-treat infections. 3.3 Potential consequences of FCV infection Chronic FCV infection may have long-term effects on the cat's immune system, making it more susceptible to infections by other pathogens (Peñaflor-Téllez et al., 2019). This increased susceptibility may lead to a higher likelihood of contracting other diseases throughout the cat's lifespan, making treatment more challenging. Chronic FCV infection could also have enduring effects on other systems, such as the respiratory and oral systems. This could expose the cat to various health issues over the long term, necessitating comprehensive management strategies. 3.4 Clinical case analysis Through an in-depth analysis of FCV infection cases in kittens and adult cats, this study reveals significant differences in the manifestations of FCV infection across different age groups. Some kittens infected with FCV may exhibit acute respiratory symptoms, such as frequent sneezing, conjunctivitis, and even a decrease in appetite. These symptoms could adversely affect the growth and development of kittens, necessitating timely intervention and treatment. In contrast, adult cats may present more complex manifestations after FCV infection. Apart from respiratory symptoms, some adult cats may experience abnormal immune responses, such as oral ulcers and conjunctivitis. This complexity in manifestations requires a comprehensive approach, considering both immune modulation and antiviral treatment (Wang and Lin, 2024). Chronic FCV infection may trigger potential disease developments, with markedly different characteristics at different stages of the disease. Some cats, after prolonged FCV infection, may develop respiratory complications like chronic airway diseases. This requires continuous monitoring and treatment to prevent further deterioration. Chronic infection may lead to the formation of oral ulcers, affecting the cat's feeding habits. This not only impacts
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