Animal Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.2, 165-177 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/amb 175 8 Concluding Remarks The genetic analysis of coat color variations in domestic rabbits has revealed significant insights into the underlying genetic mechanisms. Key findings include the identification of multiple genetic variants in pigmentation genes such as MC1R, MITF, TYR, TYRP1, and MLPH, which play crucial roles in determining rabbit coat color. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have pinpointed significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coat color, particularly highlighting the agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene as a major determinant in Chinese Rex rabbits. Additionally, specific mutations in the MC1Rgene have been linked to various coat color phenotypes, including dominant black, recessive red, and Japanese brindling. The TYR gene has also been implicated in albinism and other color variations through several missense mutations. Furthermore, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has demonstrated the potential to create novel coat colors by inducing targeted mutations in the MC1R gene. Epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation, have been shown to influence coat color dilution, adding another layer of complexity to the genetic regulation of pigmentation. The findings from these studies have significant implications for future research and breeding strategies. The identification of specific genetic variants and their associations with coat color phenotypes provides valuable molecular markers that can be used in selective breeding programs to achieve desired coat colors in domestic rabbits. The potential of gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, to create new coat color phenotypes opens up exciting possibilities for the rabbit breeding industry, allowing for the development of novel and economically valuable traits. Additionally, understanding the role of epigenetic modifications in coat color variation suggests that future research should explore the interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors to fully elucidate the mechanisms of pigmentation. This knowledge can be leveraged to enhance breeding strategies, ensuring the production of rabbits with specific and consistent coat colors. The role of genetics in coat color variation in domestic rabbits is both intricate and multifaceted. The studies reviewed highlight the significant contributions of various genes and their polymorphisms to the diverse coat color phenotypes observed in rabbit populations. The integration of genetic, epigenetic, and gene editing approaches provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms driving coat color variation. This integrated approach not only advances our scientific knowledge but also offers practical applications in rabbit breeding, enabling the development of rabbits with specific and desirable coat colors. As research continues to uncover the complexities of genetic regulation, the potential for innovative breeding strategies and the creation of novel phenotypes will undoubtedly expand, benefiting both the scientific community and the rabbit breeding industry. By leveraging the insights gained from these genetic studies, breeders can make informed decisions to enhance the aesthetic and economic value of domestic rabbits, ultimately contributing to the advancement of the field of animal genetics and breeding. Acknowledgements Authors would like to express our gratitude to the two anonymous peer reviewers for their critical assessment and constructive suggestions on our manuscript. Conflict of Interest Disclosure Authors affirm that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. References Alves J.M., Carneiro M., Afonso S., Lopes S., Garreau H., Boucher S., Allain D., Queney G., Esteves P.J., Bolet G., and Ferrand N., 2015, Levels and patterns of genetic diversity and population structure in domestic rabbits, PLoS One, 10(12): e0144687. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144687 Ballan M., Bovo S., Bertolini F., Schiavo G., Schiavitto M., Negrini R., and Fontanesi L., 2023, Population genomic structures and signatures of selection define the genetic uniqueness of several fancy and meat rabbit breeds, Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetic, 140(6):663-678. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12818
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