Animal Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 62-71 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/amb 69 that can maintain high production performance under high temperature conditions. By analyzing genetic variation associated with heat stress tolerance, breeders can more specifically select individuals with these favorable traits for breeding. Improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of poultry is also one of the focuses of future breeding. With the global shortage of food resources, how to produce more animal products with less feed has become a major challenge facing the breeding industry. Through GWAS technology, scientists hope to find key genetic factors that affect feed conversion rate and nutrient absorption efficiency, so as to guide breeding plans and ultimately breed poultry varieties that utilize feed resources more efficiently. Future poultry breeding programs will rely even more on advances in genetics and molecular biology. By in-depth understanding of the genetic basis of poultry, combined with advanced breeding technology, researchers are expected to develop efficient and healthy poultry breeds that can adapt to environmental changes and meet market demand. 6 Conclusion With global climate change and rapid changes in agricultural production conditions, the poultry industry is facing unprecedented challenges. Environmental stresses, such as extreme temperatures, spread of disease, and shortage of nutritional resources, pose severe challenges to the growth and development, production efficiency, and overall health of poultry. Against this background, exploring and implementing effective genetic strategies to improve the adaptability of poultry to environmental stress is not only crucial to maintaining the sustainable development of the poultry industry, but is also of great significance to ensuring global food security and nutritional supply. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), as a powerful genetic analysis tool, plays an indispensable role in the research and application of poultry genetic strategies. Through GWAS, researchers can identify genetic markers and genes related to poultry adaptability, providing scientific basis for genetic improvement strategies such as selective breeding and gene editing (Wang et al., 2022). These studies not only help to reveal the adaptation mechanism of poultry to specific environmental stresses, but also open up new ways to improve traits such as disease resistance, growth rate, and heat stress tolerance. Currently, GWAS has achieved a series of impressive results in poultry breeding. For example, relevant genetic variants identified through GWAS have been used to improve heat stress tolerance and disease resistance in poultry, which is of great significance for improving the living environment of poultry and increasing production efficiency. However, despite significant progress, the potential of GWAS applications in poultry research and breeding is far from being fully exploited. With the continuous advancement of genome sequencing technology and the further reduction of costs, the application scope of GWAS will be further expanded. This will not only accelerate research on the genetic basis of poultry-related traits, but also promote the implementation of more precise and efficient genetic improvement strategies (Darwish et al., 2019). In addition, with the rapid development of fields such as bioinformatics and computational biology, the ability to analyze and interpret GWAS data will also be significantly improved, and it is expected to reveal the genetic regulatory network of more complex traits. To realize the full potential of GWAS in future poultry research and breeding, a number of challenges need to be overcome. This includes how to effectively integrate and utilize the growing amount of genetic data, how to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of GWAS studies, and how to resolve ethical and social acceptance issues that may be encountered in genetic improvement. Therefore, future research needs to focus not only on the innovation of technologies and methods, but also on the social impact of the application of these technologies to ensure that the practice of genetic improvement is both scientific, reasonable and socially responsible. The research and application of poultry genetic strategies, especially the use of GWAS technology, is of great significance to improving the environmental adaptability of poultry. With the continuous advancement of related technologies and the continuous expansion of application fields, GWAS is expected to provide stronger scientific
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