Animal Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 54-61 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/amb 54 Research Report Open Access Optimization of Mutton Traits Using Whole Genome Association Analysis HuaipeiXu Modern Agricultural Research Center of Cuixi Biotechnology Research Institute, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China Corresponding author email: crystal_6382@163.com Animal Molecular Breeding, 2024, Vol.14, No.1 doi: 10.5376/amb.2024.14.0007 Received: 26 Nov., 2023 Accepted: 11 Jan., 2024 Published: 02 Feb., 2024 Copyright © 2024 Xu, This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Xu H.P., 2024, Optimization of mutton traits using whole genome association analysis, Animal Molecular Breeding, 14(1): 54-61 (doi: 10.5376/amb.2024.14.0007) Abstract This study focuses on optimizing mutton production traits through genome-wide association analysis. Firstly, a thorough analysis of the challenges faced in optimizing mutton production traits is conducted, including aspects such as data collection and processing, quality control of genotype data, and selection and optimization of statistical models. Secondly, addressing the difficulties in data collection and processing, challenges arising from the large and widely distributed sheep population, as well as regional and environmental differences, are highlighted. Regarding the issue of quality control of genotype data, emphasis is placed on the influence of various factors on data quality, leading to a decrease in the reliability of results. Lastly, concerning the selection and optimization of statistical models, challenges posed by the characteristics of mutton production traits in traditional statistical models are discussed, along with exploration of the introduction of new methods such as machine learning. A comprehensive analysis of the role of whole genome association analysis in optimizing mutton production traits is provided, and strategies for continuously improving the effectiveness and efficiency of association analysis through the comprehensive application of various methods are proposed, aiming to provide stronger support for the sustainable development of the mutton industry. Keywords Mutton production traits; Whole genome association analysis; Data collection and processing; Quality control of genotype data; Statistical model optimization In livestock and poultry production, the production and consumption of mutton has always occupied an important position. As the global population grows and living standards improve, the demand for high-quality livestock and poultry products is increasing day by day. In the livestock industry, mutton is an important source of protein and its production and quality have received widespread attention. The optimization of mutton production traits has become a key factor in improving the economic benefits of the livestock and poultry industry and meeting consumer demand. However, traditional breeding methods have certain limitations in solving the problem of genetic improvement of complex traits. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an efficient and accurate genetic improvement strategy (Li et al., 2023). In recent years, with the rapid development of genomics and bioinformatics, genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), as a powerful genetic analysis tool, has been widely used in animal genetics and genetic improvement research. The research background of genome-wide association analysis began in the field of human genetics, aiming to explore the relationship between genes and phenotypes to analyze the genetic basis of complex traits (Uffelmann et al., 2021). The introduction of this method provides new ideas and technical means for research on genetic improvement of livestock and poultry. Through statistical analysis of genotype and phenotypic data of large-scale individuals, genome-wide association analysis can discover key genotypes and loci that affect trait performance, thereby providing an important reference for further genetic improvement. Optimization of mutton production traits has important theoretical and practical significance for animal husbandry. As one of the important livestock and poultry products, the yield and quality of mutton directly affect the economic and social benefits of animal husbandry. In mutton production, traits that affect yield and quality include but are not limited to body shape characteristics, muscle tissue composition, fat content, and disease resistance. Therefore, in-depth research on the genetic basis of mutton production traits can provide scientific basis and technical support for breeding and selection, accelerate the process of genetic improvement of livestock
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