Animal Molecular Breeding 2024, Vol.14, No.1, 95-105 http://animalscipublisher.com/index.php/amb 97 Figure 1 Genome-wide association study for proportion of black bulls (Photo credit: Hayes et al., 2010) The application of machine learning methods in genomic prediction is an emerging field that offers potential improvements in the prediction of complex traits. These methods can handle large datasets and complex patterns in the data, which are common in genomic selection (Fang et al., 2017; Lopes et al., 2020). For example, the use of genomic feature BLUP (GFBLUP) models, which incorporate biological priors such as gene ontology terms, has demonstrated improvements in predictive ability for complex traits (Fang et al., 2017).
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