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分子植物育种
(
网络版
), 2012
,
10
,
1151
-
1156
Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong (Online), 2012, Vol.10, 1151
-
1156
http://mpb.5th.sophiapublisher.com
1151
研究报告
A Letter
中国旱稻籼亚种的遗传多样性及其遗传结构
刘雪梅
,
高东
,
安凤明
,
彭燕
,
何霞红
云南农业大学农业生物多样性应用技术国家工程中心
,
教育部农作物多样性与病害控制重点实验室
,
昆明
, 650201
通讯作者
: gaodong521@yahoo.com.cn;
作者
分子植物育种
, 2012
,
10
,
21
doi: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2012.10.0021
收稿日期:
2012
04
02
接受日期:
2012
04
18
发表日期:
2012
05
15
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Creative Commons Attribution License
进行授权的开放取阅论文。只要对本原作有恰当的引用
,
版权所有人允许并同意第三方无条件的
使用与传播。
建议最佳引用格式:
引用格式
(
中文
)
刘雪梅等
, 2012,
中国旱稻籼亚种的遗传多样性及其遗传结构
,
分子植物育种
(online) Vol.10 No.21 pp.1151-1156 (doi: 10.5376/mpb. cn.2012.10.0021)
引用格式
(
英文
)
Liu et al., 2012, Genetic Diversity and Structure in
indica
Upland Rice in China, Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong (online) (Molecular Plant Breeding) Vol.10 No.21
pp.1151-1156 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.cn.2012.10.0021)
旱稻具有耐旱、耐贫瘠、适应性广等特点,是稻作育种中的一种特殊的遗传资源。为了更好地利用旱稻种质资源
指导稻作育种,本研究利用
72
SSR
引物对来自中国
11
个省份的
105
份籼型旱稻地方品种进行了
SSR
遗传多样性、遗传
距离和聚类分析。结果表明,共检测到
551
个等位变异,平均每对引物检测到
7.653
个,等位变异范围
3~16
;平均有效等位
基因座数为
3.589
个,变幅为
1.542~7.979
;平均
Shannon
指数为
1.438
,变幅为
0.671~2.364
Shannon
多样性指数以贵州最
高,广西、海南和云南次之。基于
72
SSR
引物的系统聚类不能较好地区分我国籼型旱稻地方品种的地理来源,省份间地
理位置距离与其籼型旱稻地方品种间遗传距离不完全一致。
关键词
旱稻
;
地方品种
;
微卫星标记
;
遗传多样性
;
遗传结构
Genetic Diversity and Structure in
indica
Upland Rice in China
Liu Xuemei , Gao Dong , An Fengming , Peng Yan , He Xiahong
The National Center for Agricultural Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Agricultural Biodiversity and Plant Disease Control, Yunnan
Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201
Corresponding author: gaodong521@yahoo.com.cn;
Authors
Abstract
Upland rice is drought tolerant, barren resistant, and widely adaptable, and it is a special genetic resource for rice
breeding. In order to make better use of upland rice resources for rice breeding, the polymorphism of SSR markers, genetic distance
and clusters of 105
indica
upland rice germplasms from 11 provinces of China were analyzed with 72 pairs of SSR markers. A total
of 551 alleles were detected, and the mean alleles per pair of primers are 7.653 ranging from 3 to 16. The average effective alleles per
locus are 3.589 ranging from 1.542 to 7.979, and the average Shannon’s information index is 1.438 ranging from 0.671 to 2.364 per
locus. Regarding geographical regions, the Shannon’s information index of upland rice in Guizhou is highest, and the following are
that of Guangxi, Hainan and Yunan. Based on Nei's genetic distance using data of 72 SSR markers, not as
japonica
upland rice
germplasms, 105
indica
upland rice germplasm could not be distinguished into groups according to geographical regions. The
geographical distances among the provinces are not completely consistent with the gengetic distances among
indica
upland rice
germplasms.
Keywords
Upland rice; Landraces; SSR marker; Genetic diversity; Genetic structure
研究背景
在遗传理论和育种实践的指导下,近代作物育种
取得了显著成就,不仅育种上取得重大突破,而且选
育出一系列突破性品种,这些均得益于关键性优异种
质资源的发现与利用。如“绿色革命”得益于籼稻矮
源低脚乌尖
(Sasaki et al., 2002)
、小麦矮源农林
10
(Peng et al., 1999)
等;双低油菜新品种选育得益于油菜
品种
Liho (Stefansson et al., 1961)
Bronowski (Abbadi
and Leckband, 2011)
;美国大豆生产得益于北京小黑
(Hartwig, 1981)
;我国水稻的矮秆育种得益于矮源
矮脚南特和矮子粘
(
潘家驹
, 1994)
;国内外杂交油菜的
发展得益于
Polima
雄性不育细胞质;小麦抗锈育种
得益于小麦
IBL/1RS
易位系
(Rabinovich, 1998)
;玉米
和大麦营养品质的遗传改良得益于玉米高赖氨酸突