IJMS-2015v5n58 - page 12

International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.58: 1-6
6
metals were higher, indicating the importance of Fe in
the accumulation of element in sediments.
Although the results obtained showed that the metal
levels posed no danger to users of the water from this
estuary but the possibility of deleterious effects after
long period cannot be ruled out. This is because the
water body serves as the receptor for domestic and
industrial wastes as well as runoff from agricultural
land. Therefore, there is need to conserve the conditions of
the estuary in view of its uniqueness and the
importance of estuaries globally in the life cycle of
many aquatic species.
Authors' contributions
VIF designed, supervised and carry out the statistical
analysis. OUS collected the samples and did the
measurement. All authors read and approved the final
manuscript.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the assistance of Akwa
Ibom State Water Corporation Central Laboratory,
Uyo.
References
Adekola E.A., Salami N. and Lawai S.O., 2003, Some trace elements
determination in surface water and sediments of Oyun River, Kwara
State, Nigeria, Nigeria journal of Pure Applied Science, 18: 1418-1422
Adeleye A.O., Shelle R.O.D., and Akinnigbagbe A.E., 2011, Pollutant
dynamics and distribution of sediments north of Lagos Lagoon
ecosystem, Nature and Science, 9 (5): 1316
Aguilar C.A., Montalvo C., Rodríguez L., Cerón J.G., and Cerón R.M., 2012,
American oyster (
Crassostrea virginica
) and sediments as a coastal
zone pollution monitor by heavy metals, International Journal
of Environmental Science and Technology, 9 : 579-586
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1990, AOAC official
methods of analysis, 15th ed., Association of Official Analytical
Chemists, Arlington, Virginia, pp.1230
Anikwe M.A., and Nwobodo K.C., 2002, Long term effect of municipal
waste disposal on soil properties and productivity of sites used for urban
agriculture in Abakaliki, Nigeria Bioresourse Technolology, 83(3): 241
– 250
Atuluegwu P., 2005, The impact of urban run-off on Ogbor River, Nigerian
Journal of Technology, 24(1): 24-32
AWWA (American Water Works Association), 1980, Standard Methods for
the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 15th ed., American Water
Works Association, Washington, DC, pp. 148-157
Bader A., El Morhit M., El Blidi S., Yahyaoui A., and Fekhaoui M., 2015,
Impact of anthropogenic and natural processes on the degradation of
water and sediment quality of the Mghohga River estuary (northern
Morocco), International Journal of Aquatic Science, 6(1): 3-14
Baudo R., Giesy J.P., and Muntau H., 1990, Sediments: chemistry and
toxicity of In-Place pollutions, Lewis Publishers, Michigan, pp.201
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), 1991, Interim
Canadian environment quality criteria for contaminated sites, Report
CCME EPC–C534, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Chaerun S.K., Tazak K., Asada R., and Kogure K., 2004, Alkane degrading
bacteria and heavy metals from Nakohodka oil spill polluted sea shore
in the Sea of Japan after five years of remediation, The Science Reports
of Kanazawa University, 49: 1-2
Conceição F.T., Navarro G.R.B., and Silva A.M., 2013, Anthropogenic
influences on Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations in soils and
sediments in a watershed with sugar cane crops at São Paulo State,
Brazil, International Journal of Environmental Research, 7: 551-560
DPR, 2002, Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum
Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN), Department of Petroleum Resources
press, Nigeria, Lagos, pp.314
Ebong G.A., Udoessien E.I., and Ita B.N., 2004, Seasonal Variations of
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Qua Iboe River Estuary, Nigeria,
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 10(4): 611-617
Fakayode S.O., 2005, Impact assessment of industrial effluent on water
quality of the receiving Aloro River in Ibadan, Nigeria, African Journal
of Environmental Assessment and Management, 10: 1-13
Lawson E.O., 2011, Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal contents
of water from the mangrove swamps of Lagos Lagoon Lagos Nigeria,
Advance Biological Resources, 5 (1): 8-21
Leivouri M., 1998, Heavy metal contamination in surface sediment in the
Gulf of Finland and comparison with the Gulf of Both nia,
Chemosphere, 36: 43-59
Montalvo C., Aguilar C.A., Amador L.E., Ceró J.G., Cerón R.M.,
Anguebes F., and Cordova A.V., 2014, Metal contents in sediments (Cd,
Cu, Mg, Fe, Mn) as indicators of pollution of Palizada River, Mexico,
Environment and Pollution, 3(4): 89-98
.
NIS (Nigerian Industrial Standard), 2007, Nigerian Standard for drinking
water quality, Nigerian Industrial Standard Press, Nigeria, Abuja, pp.554
Njoku D.C. and Keke I.R., 2003, A comparative study on water quality
criteria of Delimi River in Jos, Plateau state of Nigeria, ASSET Series
A, 3(4): 143-153
Oribhabor, B.J., and Ogbeibu, A.E., 2009, Concentration of Heavy Metals
in a Niger Delta Mangrove Creek, Nigeria, Global Journal of
Environmental Sciences, 8 (2): 1 -10
Oze G., Oze R., Anunuso C., Ogukwe C., Nwanjo H., and Okorie K., 2006,
Heavy metal pollution of fish of Qua-Iboe River Estuary: possible
implications for neurotoxicity, Journal of Toxicology, 3: 1-8
Udosen E.D., and Benson N.U., 2006, Spatio-temporal distribution of heavy
metals in sediments and surface water in Stubbs Creek, Nigeria, Trends
in Applied Sciences Research, 1: 292-300
Uwah I.E., Dan S.F., Etiuma R.A., and Umoh U.E., 2013, Evaluation of
status of heavy metals pollution of sediments in Qua-Iboe river estuary
and associated creeks, south-eastern Nigeria, Environment and
Pollution, 2(4): 110-119
Vincent-Akpu I.F., Tyler A.N., Wilson C., and Mackinnon G., 2015,
Assessment of physico-chemical properties and metal contents of water
and sediments of Bodo Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria, Toxicological and
Environmental Chemistry, 87(2): 135-144
Vincent-Akpu I.F., and Yanadi L.O., 2014, Levels of Lead, Iron and
Cadmium Contamination in Fish, Water and Sediment from Iwofe site
on New Calabar River, Rivers State, International Journal of Extensive
Research, 3:10-15
Wangboje O.M., and Ekundayo, O.T., 2013, Assessment of heavy metals in
surface water of the Ikpoba Reservoir, Benin City, Nigeria, Nigerian
Journal of Technology, 32(1): 61-66
Wen X.A., and Allen H.E., 1999, Mobilization of heavy metals from Len
River sediments, Science of Total Environment, 227: 27-38
WHO, 2011, Guideline for drinking water quality, 4th ed., World Health
Organization, Malta, Gutenberg, pp.541
Wogu M.D., and Okaka C.E., 2011, Pollution studies on Nigerian Rivers:
Heavy metals in surface water of Warri River, Delta state, Journal of
Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 3: 7-12
1...,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 13,14
Powered by FlippingBook