Journal of Mosquito Research, 2012, Vol.2, No.5, 32
-
38
http://jmr.sophiapublisher.com
32
Research Report Open Access
Landscape-Structure Determined Mosquito Diversity in Hungary
(
Central-Europe)
Zoltán Kenyeres , Sándor Tóth
Acrida Conservational Research L.P., Tapolca, Hungary
Corresponding author email:
kenyeres.zol@gmail.com
;
Authors
Journal of Mosquito Research, 2012, Vol.2, No.5 doi: 10.5376/jmr.2012.02.0005
Received: 07 Dec., 2012
Accepted: 13 Dec., 2012
Published: 28 Dec., 2012
This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Kenyeres and Tóth, 2012, Landscape-Structure Determined Mosquito Diversity in Hungary (Central-Europe), Journal of Mosquito Research, Vol.2, No.5
32
-3
8 (
doi: 10.5376/jmr.2012.02.0005)
Abstract
The present research examined the potential background variables of the high species richness and diversity of the
Hungarian (Central-Europe) mosquitoes. The local fauna including 50 species is more diverse than it could be predicted on the
climatic and zoogeographical characteristics. The results showed that high species- and life-form diversity of the Hungarian mosquito
fauna originated from the relatively high landscape diversity of the humid habitats.
Keywords
Mosquito; Fauna; Species; Diversity; Landscape-structure; Life-forms; Humid habitats
Introduction
Climatic capabilities cause that 85 percent of the
known mosquito species occur on the Neotropical,
Oriental, Afrotropical and Australasian zoogeographical
regions (Rueda, 2008). Palaearctic and Nearctic
regions are species-poor from this point of view,
further the species numbers of the local faunas
decrease from south to north. Some area, e.g. the
Central-European Hungary, outstands from this trend
with their high mosquito diversity. Over the general
overview of the Hungarian mosquito fauna the paper
examines the potential background variables of this
local species richness. The preliminaries of this
synthesis and the applied methods are amplified at the
thematic compartments.
1
Diversity of the Hungarian mosquito fauna
The Hungarian mosquito fauna mainly contains
widely distributed Palaearctic and Nearctic species.
Revelation of the presently well known fauna is seen
on Figure 1. (See in detail in Tóth and Kenyeres,
2012).
It can be seen on the increasing dynamics of
the detected species number that systematic researches
of the Hungarian mosquitoes have been started in the
1930
s, related to the elimination of the
malaria-endemisms. The most intensive interval of the
revelation passed from 1950s to the 1960s. Since the
1970
s the known species number of the fauna has
been enlarged with just a few species. In the latest
decades the detailed examination of the distribution of
the species was carried out.
A total of 50 mosquito species have been recorded in
Hungary. Distribution maps of the species at the scale
of 2.5 km × 2.5 km UTM-quadrates were published by
Tóth and Kenyeres (2012), excluding Aedes geminus
which has been collected recently by Soltész (2012).
The current checklist was compiled according to the
list of Snow and Ramsdale (2003).
Culicidae
Subfamily Anophelinae
Genus Anopheles Meigen, 1818
Subgenus Anopheles Meigen, 1818
(1)
Anopheles algeriensis
Theobald, 1903
(2)
Anopheles atroparvus
Thiel, 1927
(3)
Anopheles claviger
(
Meigen, 1804)
(4)
Anopheles hyrcanus
(
Pallas, 1771)
(5)
Anopheles maculipennis
Meigen, 1818
(6)
Anopheles messeae
Falleroni, 1926
(7)
Anopheles plumbeus
Stephens, 1828
Subfamily Culicinae
Genus Aedes Meigen, 1818
Subgenus Aedes Meigen, 1818
(8)
Aedes cinereus
Meigen, 1818
(9)
Aedes geminus
Peus, 1970