International Journal of Marine Science 2015, Vol.5, No.31, 1-6
6
biochemical activities have been improved. The
family of wooden plants and trees were abundant
around the lake at that time.
3 Conclusions
The conducted studies on biostratigraphy evidences of
old sediments of Urmia lake, illustrate that Urmia
Lake bed rock was formed about 1.8 million years ago
along with the volcanic activities in west part of
Islami island, and was shaped with porous pyroclastic
volcanic materials. After the formation, runoffs
resulted from rainstorms and volcanic activities
produced waters leads to accumulate lots of water in a
wide area of Urmia Lake basin, also the impact of
climatic factors in glacial period, caused sedimentary
environment and the lake area changes during
Pleistocene. As the evolution trend of Urmia Lake
fluctuations is in long term retrograde mode. But the
sequential changes of atmospheric factors leads to
form the sedimentary alluvial, flood plains,
intermediate areas, lakes and playas repeatedly during
geomorphological history of Urmia Lake. The
evidences detect two large desertification about 4,000
and 12,000 years ago in Urmia Lake. Consequently
the impact of climatic factors on structural changes of
lake water balance is completely obvious, as a result
nowadays this lake is drying up completely due to
global warming effects and human activities.
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