International Journal of Marine Science 2016, Vol.6, No.48, 1-10
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Table (2) Regional concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ng/g)dry weight in soil of west Qurna-2 oil field during
autumn season 2015.
PAHs compounds
Station1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Naphthalene
0.013
0.021
0.022
0.019
0.021
0.017
0.019
0.049
0.020
0.026
Acenaphthylene
0.043
0.024
0.033
0.036
0.081
0.064
0.056
0.106
0.094
0.129
Acenaphene
0.033
0.013
0.009
0.069
0.042
0.018
0.036
0.033
0.037
0.089
Fluorene
0.112
0.172
0.112
0.085
0.158
0.091
0.304
0.209
0.232
0.202
Phenanthrene
0.101
0.092
0.189
0.156
0.290
0.300
0.253
0.272
0.433
0.475
Anthracene
0.100
0.095
0.085
0.079
0.255
0.242
0.267
0.273
0.196
0.299
Fluoranthene
0.194
0.181
0.160
0.380
0.457
0.307
0.421
0.402
0.545
0.525
Pyrene
0.159
0.240
0.208
0.185
0.475
0.356
0.521
0.480
0.633
0.575
Benzo(a)anthracene
0.121
0.159
0.148
0.139
0.346
0.279
0.408
0.299
0.383
0.503
Chrysene
0.031
0.025
0.042
0.043
0.068
0.042
0.053
0.083
0.106
0.078
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
0.023
0.031
0.030
0.028
0.071
0.048
0.120
0.065
0.093
0.130
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
0.091
0.158
0.100
0.107
0.240
0.292
0.267
0.283
0.346
0.512
Benzo(a)pyrene
0.164
0.184
0.122
0.126
0.331
0.242
0.401
0.331
0.443
0.485
Carbazole
0.236
0.274
0.349
0.218
0.561
0.350
0.417
0.660
0.839
0.640
Indo(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
0.036
0.042
0.053
0.050
0.090
0.064
0.087
0.103
0.062
0.104
dibenzo anthracene
0.086
0.094
0.143
0.149
0.195
0.142
0.192
0.204
0.275
0.180
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
0.037
0.040
0.097
0.061
0.163
0.115
0.134
0.116
0.227
0.146
Total
1.580
1.845
1.902
1.930
3.844
2.969
3.956
3.968
4.964
5.098
Fluoranthen/Pyrene
1.220
0.754
0.769
2.054
0.962
0.862
0.808
0.837
0.860
0.913
Phen/Ant
1.010
0.968
2.223
1.974
1.137
1.239
0.947
0.996
2.209
1.588
LMW/HMW
0.605
0.479
0.472
0.745
0.513
0.538
0.434
0.512
0.457
0.520
Ant/(Ant+Phen)
0.497
0.508
0.310
0.336
0.467
0.446
0.513
0.500
0.311
0.386
BaA/(BaA+Chry)
0.796
0.864
0.778
0.763
0.835
0.869
0.885
0.782
0.783
0.865
InP/(InP+BghiP)
0.493
0.512
0.353
0.450
0.355
0.357
0.393
0.470
0.214
0.416
There are many sources of PAHs in the environment such as:
The oil industry holds a major potential of hazards for the environment, and may impact it at different levels: air,
water, soil, and consequently all living beings on our area. The most widespread and dangerous consequence of oil
and gas industry activities is the pollution which associated with all activities throughout all stages of oil and gas
production, from exploratory activities to refining. Wastewaters, gas emissions, solid waste and aerosols generated
during drilling, production, refining (responsible for the most pollution) and transportation amount to over 800
different chemicals, among which, of course, prevail oil and petroleum products (Farid et al., 2016).
Results of seasonal PAHs concentration in this study showed that the lowest concentrations recorded during
summer (1.214 ng/g), while the highest concentrations recorded during winter (4.177ng/g) while spring was
(3.216 ng/g) and autumn (3.205 ng/g), the seasonal concentration arrange as following:
winter >spring>autumn >summer (Table 5) and (Fig. 3).
This may be attributed to the climatic condition effect by photo-oxidation, volatilization and high degradation
during the hot season. Increasing the evaporation rate and also affect the biodegradation during summer because
of the higher temperature (Boyd et al., 2001). Generally the rate of biodegradation decreases with decreasing of
temperature and vice versa, so that the highest degradation rates generally occurs in the range 20 to 30Cºin the
environments (Bartha and Bossert, 1984). Because of higher energy consumption for heating and increase
