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Fish can absorb metals from both the surrounding
water and from their contaminated food and
bioaccumulate them in their tissue. Some metals are
essential, but at high concentrations, they can be toxic
to fish, cause mortality, growth retardation, and
reproductive impairment (Adham et al., 1999; Saeed
Shaker, 2008). Even If the minerals contents is lower
than threshold values indicated by
contamination of aquatic ecosystems should be
expected through bioaccumulation. Bioaccumulation
of metals in fish can be considered as an index of metal
pollution in the aquatic bodies (Javed and Hayat 1998;
Tawari-Fufeyin and Ekaye, 2007; Karadede-Akin and
Unlu, 2007; Authman, 2008), that could be a useful
tool to study the biological role of metals present at
higher concentrations in fish (Dural et al., 2007; Anim
et al., 2011).
3 Conclusion
Results from this present study showed that
accumulations of heavy metals metals vary between
the studied species of the Nile fish, and also in
different fish organs. The head bioaccumulated more
metals than the muscle muscles. This can be due to the
presence of gills that are in constant contact with the
contaminated water. Although the results do not
indicate a manifestation of toxic effects, the deleterious
effects could possibly manifest after a long period of
consumption of fish with trace metal contamination.
Knowledge of heavy metal concentrations in fish is
important with respect to nature of management and
human consumption of fish. Regular monitoring of
heavy metals in the Nile and fish should be done to
ensure continuous safety of food and laws should be
enforced to protect the aquatic ecosystems.
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