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International Journal of Aquaculture, 2014, Vol.4, No.01
http://ija.sophiapublisher.com
5
Figure 1 Phylogenetic tree of the isolates from
M. cephalus
with an out-group constructed by Neighbour Joining Method
Isolate LAB 155 and 243 were identified as
L.
plantarum
and were monophyletic. These two isolates
displayed a similar pattern only in utilizing aesculin,
glycerol, ribose, lactose and fructose. Isolates LAB
161 and 179 was identified as
Lactobacillus
heilongjiangensis
and showed 98% similarity to
Lactobacillus heilongjiangensis
strain S4-3. These
isolates were monophyletic but differed with respect
to utilize; lactose, trehalose, dextrose, sorbitol, salicin,
aesculin, rhamnose, sucrose, inositol and glycerol
(Table 3). Isolates LAB 176 and 177 were most
closely related to
Lactobacillus kimchii
strain
MT-1077 displayed 99% similarity. Isolate LAB 229
and 240 which were identified as
Enterobacter
hormaechei
and
Enterobacter
ludwigii
was
monophyletic.
There are numerous examples of LAB being isolated
from the gut of fresh water and marine fish (RingØ &
Gatesoupe, 1998; RingØ et al., 2004; RingØ et al.,
2005; Askarian et al., 2011; Lauzon & RingØ, 2011).
Flat head grey mullet used in the present study is
common in the Indian waters and is a widely
consumed fish in India (Radhakrishnan, 2010). It
survives and grows very well in estuarine waters,
since these areas produce substantial quantities of
organic matter thus enhancing secondary production
(Nagvenkar et al., 2006). Since these estuarine waters
are also a zone of active mixing of fresh and saline
waters with wide variations in salinity it is assumed
that the fishes thriving in these estuaries are able to
tolerate wide fluctuations in salinity. The results of the
present study on salt tolerance did indicate that, the
gut isolates were able to tolerate variations in salt
concentration (Table 4).
Lactobacillus brevis (LAB 159)
Lactobacillus brevis (LAB 168)
Lactobacillus brevis (LAB 160)
Lactobacillus brevis (LAB 158)
Lactobacillus brevis (LAB 180)
Lactobacillus plantarum (LAB 155)
Lactobacillus plantarum (LAB 243)
Lactobacillus heilongjiangensis (LAB 161)
Lactobacillus heilongjiangens (LAB 179)
Lactobacillus kimchii (LAB 176)
Lactobacillus kimchii (LAB 177)
Lactobacillus casei (LAB 156)
Enterobacter ludwigii (LAB 240)
Enterobacter bormaechei (LAB 229)
Aquifex pyrophilus strain Kol5a (NR_029172.1)
99
97
96
99
99
99 98
92
99
64
0.05