International Journal of Aquaculture, 2018, Vol.8, No.17, 127-136
133
recorded after conduction of (300 and 350 mL
-1
) were not significantly different in adults
S. aurata
, nevertheless,
(400 mL
-1
) concentration delayed recovery time significantly reaching 0.955 ± 0.130 min. The response of
juveniles in both species did not show any significant variation in conducting (200, 250 and 300 mL
-1
) of
2-Phenoxyethanol either to induce complete sedation or to completely recover from this anesthetic. Significant
differences of time duration (efficiency) according to the conduction of different concentrations of anesthetics in
relation to the two fish species were recoreded.
Table 2 Dose response in
M. cephalus
and
S. aurata
to clove oil in respect to different stages (S) sedation, (R) recovery
Fish stage & species
S duration (min)
R duration (min)
Adult
Conc. 15 mL
-1
Conc. 20 mL
-1
Conc. 25 mL
-1
Conc. 15 mL
-1
Conc. 20 mL
-1
Conc. 25 mL
-1
M. cephalus
(Mean±SD)
1.899±0.106
1.497±0.019
1.186±0.117
1.810±0.232
3.934±0.346
4.006±0.299
P1≤0.001
0.000,1*
0.000,1*
0.001*
0.354
P2≤0.001
0.000,1*
0.001*
S. aurata
(Mean±SD)
1.710±0.070
1.221±0.121
1.019±0.109
2.646±0.333
4.141±0.319
4.859±0.175
P1≤0.001
0.001
0.011
0.001*
0.001*
P2≤0.001
0.000,1
0.365,0
Juvenile
Conc. 5 mL
-1
Conc. 10 mL
-1
Conc.15 mL
-1
Conc. 5 mL
-1
Conc. 10 mL
-1
Conc. 15 mL
-1
M. cephalus
(Mean±SD)
1.324±0.239
1.098±0.075
0.944±0.059
1.863±0.100
2.065±0.080
2.681±0.310
P1≤0.001
0.021
0.010
0.098
0.032*
P2≤0.001
0.110
0.05*
S. aurata
(Mean±SD)
1.243±0.138
1.056±0.103
0.800±0.106
1.981±0.079
2.399±0.332
3.035±0.086
P1≤0.001
0.045*
0.033*
0.022
0.001
P2≤0.001
0.05*
0.0160
Table 3 Dose response in
M. cephalus
and
S. aurata
to MS-222 in respect to different stages (S) sedation, (R) recovery
Fish stage & species
S duration (min)
R duration (min)
Adult
Conc.100 mL
-1
Conc. 125 mL
-1
Conc. 150 mL
-1
Conc. 100 mL
-1
Conc. 125 mL
-1
Conc. 150 mL
-1
M. cephalus
(Mean±SD)
1.288±0.045
0.869±0.034
0.704±0.032
0.495±0.025
0.716±0.022
0.783±0.096
P1≤0.001
0.003
0.001
0.013
0.011
P2≤0.001
0.105
0.360
S. aurata
(Mean±SD)
1.004±0.059
0.605±0.032
0.539±0.036
0.529±0.027
0.859±0.027
0.985±0.039
P1≤0.001
0.036*
0.022*
0.042*
0.021*
P2≤0.001
0.221,0
0.107,0
Juveniles
Conc. 50 mL
-1
Conc. 75 mL
-1
Conc. 100 mL
-1
Conc. 50 mL
-1
Conc. 75 mL
-1
Conc. 100 mL
-1
M. cephalus
(Mean±SD)
1.055±0.073
1.010±0.053
0.903±0.058
0.485±0.026
0.591±0.040
0.786±0.033
P1≤0.001
0.221
0.107
0.225
0.036*
P2≤0.001
0.123
0.044*
S. aurata
(Mean±SD)
1.051±0.085
0.850±0.055
0.709±0.056
0.570±0.039
0.754±0.045
0.955±0.054
P1≤0.001
0.123
0.098
0.013*
0.002*
P2≤0.001
0.225
0.016,6*
3 Discussion
Although there are many instances to use anesthetics in aquaculture and fisheries activities, inappropriate doses
may induce undesirable stress (Ghanawi et al., 2013). Therefore it is very much important to evaluate the proper
doses of anesthetics in respect to species and fish stage response. The current study investigated the efficacies of
clove oil, Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and 2-Phenoxyethanol which can be used as anesthetics for
M.
cephalus
and
S. aurata
at different stages.
Mugil cephalus
recorded higher sedation and lower recovery times than
that recorded for
Sparus aurata
at all concentrations and stages (
p
≤0.001). The entire types of anesthetic
demonstrated a dose-response concerning sedation and recovery duration regardless of fish species or stage.
Induction durations decreased significantly with increase in concentration of any of the three examined anesthetic
