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International Journal of Aquaculture 2012, Vol.2, No.6, 29-39
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37
explanatory variables. The percentage of total
microorganisms, particles, or regions in each of these
groups was used as the response variables. Data was
checked for normality within the scope of ANOVA. In
order to determine what water and solids parameters
had the greatest impact on the ANOVA results,
multiple linear regression models were developed.
The percentage of gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria was highly negatively correlated (R
2
=0.99).
Therefore models were created only for gram-positive
bacteria. Pairs plots were used in combination with a
variance inflation factor (Heiberger and Holland, 2004)
and covariance matrix to remove variables with a high
degree of collinearity. Further model simplification
was performed using the
drop1
function with F-test
statistic (Chambers, 1992). Statistical analyses were
performed with R v. 2.10.1 (The R Foundation for
Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).
Author contributions
JH wrote the manuscript and analyzed the collected data using
flow cytometry and statistics. TS designed and supervised the
experiment, edited the manuscript, and coordinated the study
activities. EC was in charge of the day-to-day operation and
management of the experimental system. TM monitored and
provided technical assistance. JW monitored water quality in
the system. KS aided in flow cytometry, experimental design,
and editing of the manuscript and proofs.
Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge the National Institute of Food &
Agriculture (NIFA), USDA, AgriLife Research, National
Academy of Sciences, and NOVUS International for their
funding. Ziegler Bros. provided feed for the study. Aquatic Eco
Systems, YSI, Colorite Plastics, and Firestone Specialty
Products provided the foam fractionators, DO monitoring
systems, air diffusers, and raceway EPDM liners, respectively
used in our study. Post-larvae were supplied by Harlingen
Shrimp Farms. Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi
provided lab space to perform all flow cytometric analyses for
this study. We would also like to acknowledge the staff of the
AgriLife Research Mariculture Lab at Flour Bluff, Corpus
Christi for their efforts throughout the study.
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