基本HTML版本
Computational Molecular Biology 2015, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1-4
http://cmb.biopublisher.ca
1
Review Open Access
The research progression of correlation between long non-coding RNA and
breast cancer
Jian Song
1
, Rongguo Li
1
, Yue Zhao
1
, Si Liu
1
, Yujuan Kang
1
, Dongwei Zhang
1
1.
The Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
Corresponding author email
Computational Molecular Biology, 2015, Vol.5, No.2 doi: 10.5376/cmb.2015.05.0002
Received: 1 Jan., 2015
Accepted: 25 Jan., 2015
Published: 28 Jan., 2015
© 2015
Song et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Song et al., 2015,
The research progression of correlation between long non-coding RNA and breast cancer
, Computational Molecular Biology,
Vol.5, No.2, 1-4
(doi
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a group of length more than 200 nucleotides, the lack of complete open reading
frame and no protein-coding function RNAs, which play an important role during the development of breast cancer and other
malignant tumors. With the evolution of molecular biology, gene therapy of tumor has been the most intensively studied recent years.
Compared with microRNA, the functional roles of lncRNAs are still being elucidated. Therefore, it is hopeful to provide new
thoughts for diagnosis and treatment of tumor gene level by deepening the study of lncRNAs.
Keywords
lncRNAs; Mechanisms; Breast cancer; Gene
Introduction
Breast cancer is now the most frequently diagnosed
cancer in women worldwide, and also is one of the
well explored human cancers with genome-wide
technologies (M. Muthuswami, et al., 2013). There are
much more influencing factors of breast cancer, and
the differences of reproduction, hormone levels and so
on lead to different morbidities in various countries or
areas. The reproductive factors of adding risk of
coming down with breast cancer include long history
of menstruation, nullipara and postmenopausal
hormone replacing treatment (Zhang X, et al., 2013).
Current treatment of breast cancer includes hormonal
therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy and
targeted therapy (Yue Zhao, et al., 2014). Despite
survival advantages achieved by using such therapies,
many breast tumors are not eradicated completely due
to acquiring resistance, significant toxicities, or
relapse following an initial response, thus resulting in
metastatic disease at later stages that leads to patient
death (Yan Zhang, 2013). Therefore, genomic
information can be combined with clinic pathological
characteristics to create novel diagnostic and
therapeutic strategies remains an important component
in the current management of this malignancy (J.
Zhou, et al., 2013).
LncRNAs
It is estimated, approximately, that there are only
20,000 protein-coding genes, representing <2% of total
genomic sequence, while the rest 98% RNAs are with
limited or no protein-coding capacity (Harrow J, et al.,
2012). LncRNAs is a kind of length more than 200
nucleotides, the lack of complete open reading frame
and no protein-coding function RNAs of which lays in
cell nucleus with the function of regulating gene
expression in various levels and served as skeleton for
modifying chromatin complex (Kim E D, et al., 2012).
Recent researches show that lncRNAs play an
important role in several biological processes, including
X chromosome inactivation, nuclear structure, genomic
imprinting,
transcriptional
interference,
and
development (JEREMY E W, et al., 2009). Dysfunction
of lncRNAs has been strongly associated with cell fate
determination and human disease pathogenesis,
including cancers (G. Chen, et al., 2013), it is
unadvisable to have dismissed lncRNAs as
evolutionary junk or transcriptional noise with this
clarification. While it is much more difficult to explore
the function of lncRNAs due to their lack of open
reading frames and poor sequence conservation.